Array grouping of seismic sensors in a marine streamer for optimum noise attenuation
A marine seismic streamer includes at least one particle motion sensor array. The array includes a plurality of particle motion sensors disposed at spaced apart locations along the streamer. Outputs of the particle motion sensors are functionally coupled to form an array. A number of the particle motion sensors and a spacing between adjacent particle motion sensors are selected to attenuate noise in a selected mode of propagation and within a selected wavenumber range. The streamer includes means for weighting a signal output of each particle motion sensor in the at least one array. A signal weight applied to each sensor by the means for weighting is selected to optimize attenuation of the noise.
1. A marine seismic streamer, comprising:
a plurality of particle motion sensor arrays disposed along the streamer at longitudinally spaced apart positions, each particle motion sensor array including a plurality of particle motion sensors disposed at spaced apart locations along the streamer, outputs of the particle motion sensors coupled to form an array, a spacing between each adjacent particle motion sensor and a signal weight of each particle motion sensor in a particle motion sensor array being individually selected to attenuate noise in a selected mode of propagation and within a selected wavenumber range wherein at least one particle motion sensor has a weight or spacing different from another particle motion sensor in the array.
2. The streamer of claim 1 wherein the particle motion sensors comprise geophones.
3. The streamer of claim 1 wherein the signal weight comprises a resistor coupled in series with an output of the respective particle motion sensor.
4. The streamer of claim 1 further comprising an array of pressure responsive sensors associated with each array of particle motion sensors.
5. The streamer of claim 4 wherein the pressure responsive sensors comprise hydrophones.
6. The streamer of claim 4 wherein a longitudinal center of each particle motion sensor array and a longitudinal center of each array of pressure responsive sensors are located at substantially a same longitudinal position along the streamer.
7. The streamer of claim 4 wherein a spacing and a signal weight for each sensor is selected to minimize a value of a cost function, the cost function related to a wavenumber response of the particle motion sensors.
8. The streamer of claim 1 wherein the signal weight is selected by selecting a value of a resistor coupled in series with a signal output of the particle motion sensor.