Method and reactor for the preparation of methanol
Improved design of a catalytic method and reactor for the production of methanol at equilibrium conditions, whereby methanol, as it is formed, is separated from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase within the reactor without reducing the catalytic activity of the methanol catalyst. This is achieved by adjusting the boiling point or temperature of a liquid cooling agent being in indirect contact with the catalyst particles and by providing a specific ratio of catalyst bed volume to cooling surface area. Thereby, condensation of methanol as it is formed in the gaseous phase takes place for the most at the cooling surface arranged evenly distributed within the reactor and if at all within a very limited region of the catalyst bed.
1. A methanol reactor, comprising within a common shell a fixed bed of a methanol catalyst and cooling means adapted to indirectly cooling a reacting methanol synthesis gas with a cooling agent, wherein ratio (Z) of catalyst bulk volume to multiplication product of area of cooling surface of the cooling means with equivalent diameter of the catalyst (DEQ) is between 2.0 and 30, where the equivalent diameter of the catalyst is calculated by means of the following equation:
DEQ 1 =(6*(volume of a particle of the methanol synthesis catalyst[m 3 ]/3.14) 0.33 with catalyst particles of the same size and with catalyst particles of different size by means of the following equation:
DEQ 2 =(Σ w ( i )*(DEQ( i ) 3 )) 0.33 ,
where:
w(i) is the weight fraction of catalyst particles with an equivalent diameter of DEQ(i)[m].
2. A methanol reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising heating means adapted to indirectly maintaining temperature of the methanol catalyst with a heating agent, wherein surface ratio of the surface of the heating means to the cooling means is between 0.3 and 3.0.
3. A methanol reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio Z is between 2 and 15.
4. A methanol reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising internal film stabilizing equipment adjacent to surface of the cooling means.