Gas delivery system with voltage gradient for an ion microscope
Disclosed are systems and methods for applying a voltage gradient to a gas delivery system, delivering a gas through a length of the gas delivery system having the voltage gradient, the gas having a pressure-distance product of less than about 1×10 −2 Torr-inches or greater than about 100 Torr-inches, and delivering the gas into a housing of an ion microscope, the housing including an emitter and an extractor.
1. A method, comprising:
applying a voltage gradient to a gas delivery system;
delivering a gas through a length of the gas delivery system having the voltage gradient, the gas having a pressure-distance product of less than about 1×10 −2 Torr-inches; and
then delivering the gas into a housing of an ion microscope, the housing including an emitter and an extractor,
wherein the gas pressure in the length of the gas delivery system having the voltage gradient is less than about 1×10 −2 Torr.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the voltage gradient comprises applying the voltage gradient without ionizing the gas.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivering the gas into the housing comprises delivering the gas through an orifice in an electrode the electrode being one of the emitter, the extractor or an suppressor.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein a maximum absolute value of the potential of the voltage gradient is within about 20% of a maximum absolute value of a potential of the electrode.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
prior to applying the voltage gradient, reducing a pressure of the gas in the gas delivery system, wherein reducing the pressure comprises reducing the pressure to a pressure of less than about 1×10 −2 Torr.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein:
delivering the gas into the housing comprises delivering the gas through an orifice in an electrode the electrode being one of the emitter, the extractor or an suppressor; and
a maximum absolute value of the potential of the voltage gradient is within about 20% of a maximum absolute value of a potential of the electrode.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein applying the voltage gradient comprises applying a voltage gradient of greater than about 5 kV.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the voltage gradient comprises applying a voltage gradient of greater than about 5 kV.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein delivering the gas into a housing of an ion microscope comprises delivering the gas through a plurality of orifices.
10. A system, comprising:
an ion microscope having a housing containing an emitter, an extractor and a suppressor, at least one of the emitter, extractor and suppressor having an orifice; and
a gas delivery system configured to provide a path for gas flow between a gas supply and the orifice, the gas delivery system including a device configured to apply a voltage gradient across a portion of the gas delivery system,
wherein the device is at a location of the gas delivery system configured to maintain the gas at a pressure of less than about 1×10 −2 Torr.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the at least one of the emitter, extractor and suppressor includes a plurality of orifices and the gas delivery system is configured to provide a path for gas flow between the gas supply and the plurality of orifices.
12. The system of claim 10 , wherein the gas delivery system further comprises a tube configured to transport the gas, and the device configured to apply the voltage gradient is attached to a portion of the tube.
13. The system of claim 10 , wherein the gas delivery system further comprises a flow controller, wherein the flow controller is configured to reduce the pressure of the gas to less than 1×10 −2 Torr.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the flow controller is positioned on a gas delivery path between the gas supply and the device configured to apply the voltage gradient.
15. The system of claim 10 , wherein the orifice comprises an orifice in an electrode forming one of the emitter, the extractor or the suppressor.
16. The system of claim 10 , further comprising:
a flow control device configured to reduce the pressure of a gas, the flow control device being located prior to the device configured to apply a voltage gradient, wherein the device is at a location of the gas delivery system configured to maintain the gas in the gas delivery system at a pressure of less than about 1×10 −2 Torr.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the device configured to apply a voltage gradient is configured to apply a voltage gradient with maximum absolute value of a potential of the voltage gradient within about 20% of a maximum absolute value of a potential of the electrode.
18. The system of claim 10 , wherein:
the at least one of the emitter, extractor and suppressor includes a plurality of orifices;
the gas delivery system is configured to provide a path for gas flow between the gas supply and the plurality of orifices;
the gas delivery system further comprises a tube configured to transport the gas;
the device configured to apply the voltage gradient is attached to a portion of the tube;
the gas delivery system further comprises a flow controller; and
the flow controller is configured to reduce the pressure of the gas to less than 1×10 −2 Torr.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein, during use, the device is configured to apply a voltage gradient of at least 5 kV across the portion of the gas delivery system.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the flow controller is positioned on a gas delivery path between the gas supply and the device configured to apply the voltage gradient.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ion microscope is a gas field ion microscope.
22. The system of claim 10 , wherein the ion microscope is a gas field ion microscope.