Quality control methods for oil-in-water emulsions containing squalene
Measurements of the squalene content in oil-in-water emulsions can be used as a way of checking for problems during production. In particular, it has been found that a drop in squalene content can indicate that filtration problems occurred. Testing the squalene content in the final lots is easier than investigating the characteristics of the filter, and so a squalene assay simplifies the quality control of oil-in-water emulsions.
1. A method for manufacturing an oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant comprising an aqueous carrier, a surfactant and squalene, comprising the steps of: (i) preparing a submicron oil-in-water emulsion using an amount of an aqueous carrier, a surfactant and squalene; (ii) subjecting the emulsion to filter sterilization, to provide a sterilized emulsion; (iii) measuring the squalene content of the sterilized emulsion; and (iv) comparing the squalene content measured in step (iii) to the squalene content from step (i), wherein, if the comparison in step (iv) reveals that the squalene content differs by more than plus or minus 10% between steps (i) and (iii), the adjuvant is rejected.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the squalene content from step (i) is a squalene concentration between 2% and 8% by volume.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the squalene content from step (i) is a squalene concentration between 4% and 6% by volume.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein if the adjuvant has an acceptable squalene content, it is combined with an antigen.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the antigen is an influenza antigen.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion is a submicron emulsion comprising squalene, polyxoyethylenesorbitan monooleate, and sorbitan trioleate.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion prepared by the method comprises is an emulsion of squalene, a tocopherol, and polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion is an emulsion of squalene, a tocopherol, and a Triton detergent.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion is an emulsion comprising squalene, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether hydrophilic nonionic surfactant and a hydrophobic nonionic surfactant.