Parathyroid hormone peptides and parathyroid hormone-related protein peptides and methods of use
Provided herein are Parathyroid hormone (PTH) peptides and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) peptides (e.g., PTH analogs, PTHrP analogs), and related variants, chemical derivatives, fusion polypeptides, multimeric polypeptides, and peptidomimetics, peptoids, the like. Also provided are their use in methods for activating the PTH receptor in a cell (e.g., an osteoblast), methods of treating a subject with bone loss (e.g., by administration of a PTH peptide or PTHrP peptide (e.g., a PTH analog or PTHrP analog)), methods of ameliorating a symptom associated with osteoporosis in a subject, methods of retarding the progression of osteoporosis in a subject, and methods of regenerating bone in a subject.
1. An isolated Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHrP) peptide or analog thereof comprising amino acids 12-34 of SEQ ID NO: 79 with an amino acid substitution at one, two, or three of positions 27, 20, 21, 24, 28, and 33 of SEQ ID NO: 79.
2. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , wherein the PTHrP peptide or analog exhibits decreased affinity for the G protein-uncoupled conformation (R0) of PTH1R, as compared to the affinity of wild-type PTHrP (SEQ ID NO: 79) for the R0 conformation of PTH1R, wherein the PTHrP peptide or analog retains binding to the G protein-coupled conformation (RG) of PTH1R, and wherein the PTHrP peptide or analog stimulates cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation in cells.
3. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 2 , wherein the amino acid at one, two, or three of positions 27, 20, 21, 24, 28, and 33 of SEQ ID NO: 79 is replaced with the amino acid at the corresponding position of SEQ ID NO: 9.
4. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , further comprising amino acids 1-34 of SEQ ID NO: 79 with an amino acid substitution at one, two, three, or four of positions 27, 20, 21, 24, 28, and 33 of SEQ ID NO: 79.
5. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 4 , wherein the amino acid sequence is any of SEQ ID NOs: 81, 82, 85, 86, 88, 93-94 and 96-98, and 101.
6. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , wherein the PTHrP peptide or analog exhibits a shorter-lived cAMP response compared to the cAMP response of wild-type PTHrP (SEQ ID NO: 79).
7. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , wherein the PTHrP peptide or analog comprises SEQ ID NO: 81.
8. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , wherein the PTHrP peptide comprises an amino acid substitution at position 27 of SEQ ID NO: 79.
9. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , comprising an Ala at one, two, or three of positions 27, 20, 21, 24, 28, and 33.
10. A chemical derivative comprising a PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 and a chemical moiety which is not a part of wild-type PTHrP (SEQ ID NO: 79).
11. A fusion polypeptide comprising (a) a PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , (b) optionally, a linker region, and (c) a second polypeptide linked to the PTHrP peptide or analog, or to the linker region, wherein the second polypeptide is not natively linked to the PTHrP peptide or analog.
12. A multimeric peptide comprising a basic peptidic sequence repeated from about two to about 100 times, wherein the basic peptidic sequence is the amino acid sequence of the PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , and optionally comprising a spacer.
13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 .
14. A kit for treating osteoporosis comprising a PTHrP peptide or analog according to claim 1 , and instructions for administration thereof to a subject having osteoporosis.
15. A method for activating a PTH receptor in a cell, comprising administering to the cell the PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 , such that the PTHrP peptide or analog causes the PTH receptor to be activated.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cell is an osteoblast.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cell is in a live animal and the PTHrP peptide or analog is administered to the live animal.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the live animal is a human.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the PTHrP peptide or analog is administered by oral delivery or injection.
20. A method of treating a subject having a disease or condition associated with undesired bone loss, comprising administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 in an amount and dosing regime effective to treat the subject.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the subject is a human.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the disease or condition is osteoporosis.
23. A method of ameliorating a symptom associated with osteoporosis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 in an amount and dosing regime effective to ameliorate a symptom associated with osteoporosis in the subject.
24. A method of retarding the progression of osteoporosis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 in an amount and dosing regime effective to retard the progression of osteoporosis in the subject.
25. A method of regenerating bone in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject the pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 in an amount and dosing regime effective to regenerate bone in the subject.
26. An isolated Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHrP) peptide or analog thereof comprising amino acids 12-34 of SEQ ID NO: 79with an amino acid substitution at (a) one or two of positions 27 and 28 of SEQ ID NO: 79 or (b) two, three, or four of positions 27, 23, 28, and 31 of SEQ ID NO: 79.
27. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 26 , further comprising amino acids 1-34 of SEQ ID NO: 79 with an amino acid substitution at (a) one or two of positions 27and 28 of SEQ ID NO: 79 or (b) two, three, or four of positions 27, 23, 28, and 31 of SEQ ID NO: 79.
28. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 26 wherein the amino acid substitution at (a) position 28 of SEQ ID NO: 79 is a conservative substitution or (b) two or three of positions 23, 28, and 31 of SEQ ID NO: 79 is a conservative substitution.
29. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 26 , wherein the amino acid at (a) one or two, of positions 27 and 28 of SEQ ID NO: 79 is replaced with the amino acid at the corresponding position of SEQ ID NO: 9 or (b) two, three, or four of positions 27, 23, 28, and 31 of SEQ ID NO: 79 is replaced with the amino acid at the corresponding position of SEQ ID NO: 9.
30. The PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 26 , further comprising (a) a chemical moiety which is not a part of wild-type PTHrP (SEQ ID NO: 79), (b) a linker region and a second polypeptide linked to the PTHrP peptide, or to the linker region, wherein the second polypeptide is not natively linked to the PTHrP peptide, or (c) a spacer and a basic peptidic sequence repeated from about one to about 100 times, wherein the basic peptidic sequence is the amino acid sequence of the PTHrP peptide or analog of claim 1 .
31. An isolated Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHrP) peptide or analog comprising amino acids 1-34 of SEQ ID NO: 79, wherein the amino acid sequence is any of SEQ ID NOs: 83, 84, 87, 89, 90, 99, or 100.