Modified battery anode with carbon nanotubes
An improved anode material for a lithium ion battery is disclosed. The improved anode material can improve both electric conductivity and the mechanical resilience of the anode, thus drastically increasing the lifetime of lithium ion batteries.
1. A method for preparing a composite material for anode of a lithium ion battery, comprising:
dispersing carbon nanotubes in a binder material to form a mixture of carbon nanotubes and the binder material;
liquefying the mixture containing carbon nanotubes dispersed in the binder to form a paste;
mixing graphite particles with the paste containing the carbon nanotubes;
coating surfaces of the graphite particles with the paste containing the carbon nanotubes;
carbonizing the paste mixed with the graphite particles;
after the step of carbonizing, graphitizing the carbon nanotubes and the graphite particles;
bonding the carbon nanotubes to the graphite particles to form a carbon-carbon composite; and
forming at least a part of an anode in a lithium ion battery using the carbon-carbon composite.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of graphitizing is conducted in vacuum in a graphitization furnace.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step of graphitizing is conducted at above 2000° C. for longer than one hour.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a network of carbon nanotubes and graphite particles are connected by carbon bonding in the carbon-carbon composite as a result of the graphitizing.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of liquefying comprises heat melting the mixture or dissolving the mixture in a solvent.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binder material comprises a polymeric binder or a macromolecular material.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the polymeric binder comprises thermoplastics, thermoset polymer, or petroleum pitch.
8. The method of claim , wherein the carbon nanotubes are dispersed with the binder material using a twin screw extruder, a three-roll mill, a high shear mixer, a jet mill, or a ball mill.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the paste comprises the carbon nanotubes at a concentration in a range between 5% and 25%.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes have a concentration of 0.1-10 wt % relative to the graphite particles.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of carbonizing comprises:
raising the temperature of the paste mixed with the graphite particles.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon-carbon composite has a non-carbon impurity less than 0.1% after the steps of carbonizing and graphitizing.