Antibodies for binding to non-functional P2X
The invention relates to the identification of a novel epitope on non-functional P2X 7 receptors which are implicated in cancer. The epitope includes a region from two adjacent monomers within the three subunit receptor. Antibodies which bind to the epitope and peptides for generating the antibodies are described. The antibodies and peptides are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
1. An isolated antibody that binds to an epitope of a P2X 7 receptor
the epitope being formed of:
a first region comprising amino acid residues 200 to 211 of SEQ ID NO:1 from a first monomer of a P2X 7 receptor; and
a second region comprising amino acid residues 296 to 306 of SEQ ID NO:1 from a second monomer of the receptor;
wherein the first and second regions are formed in the receptor by cis isomerisation of a residue at position 210 of SEQ ID No: 1 of a monomer of the receptor;
and wherein the first and second regions are arranged adjacent each other in the receptor thereby permitting binding of an antigen binding site of the antibody to the first and second regions forming the epitope.
2. The antibody of claim 1 , wherein the antibody is selected from the group consisting of a polyclonal antibody, a monoclonal antibody, a recombinant antibody, a humanized antibody, a human antibody and an antigen binding fragment of each antibody type.
3. The antibody of claim 1 , wherein the antibody is in the form selected from the group consisting of Fab, Fab′, F(ab′)2, scFv, Fd, Fv fragments, diabodies, linear antibodies, single-chain antibody molecules and multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.
4. The antibody of claim 1 , wherein the antibody is bivalent or bispecific.
5. The antibody claim 1 , wherein antibody is in the form of a dimer, trimer or other higher-order multimer.
6. A method for determining whether an individual has a cancer comprising cancer cells comprising a P2X 7 receptor, the method comprising contacting a sample from the subject with the antibody of claim 1 and detecting binding of the antibody to the sample; wherein detection of an immune complex formed from the binding of the antibody identifies the individual as having cancer.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the antibody is selected from the group consisting of a polyclonal antibody, a monoclonal antibody, a recombinant antibody, a humanized antibody, a human antibody and an antigen binding fragment of each antibody type.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the antibody is in the form selected from the group consisting of Fab, Fab′, F(ab′)2, scFv, Fd, Fv fragments, diabodies, linear antibodies, single-chain antibody molecules and multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the antibody is bivalent or bispecific.
10. The method claim 6 , wherein antibody is in the form of a dimer, trimer or other higher-order multimer.
11. A method for treating an individual having a cancer comprising cancer cells comprising a P2X 7 receptor, the method comprising administering the antibody of claim 1 to the individual.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the antibody is selected from the group consisting of a polyclonal antibody, a monoclonal antibody, a recombinant antibody, a humanized antibody, a human antibody and an antigen binding fragment of each antibody type.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the antibody is in the form selected from the group consisting of Fab, Fab′, F(ab′)2, scFv, Fd, Fv fragments, diabodies, linear antibodies, single-chain antibody molecules and multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the antibody is bivalent or bispecific.
15. The method claim 11 , wherein antibody is in the form of a dimer, trimer or other higher-order multimer.