Zirconia-based material doped with yttrium and lanthanum
Sintered bodies containing zirconia-based ceramic materials and partially sintered bodies that are intermediates in the preparation of the sintered bodies are described. The zirconia-based ceramic material is doped with lanthanum and yttrium. The grain size of the zirconia-based ceramic material can be controlled by the addition of lanthanum. The crystalline phase of the zirconia-based ceramic material can be influenced by the addition of yttrium.
1. A sintered body comprising a zirconia-based ceramic material comprising:
zirconium oxide in an amount in a range of 92.5 to 98.0 mole percent based on total moles of inorganic oxide in the zirconia-based ceramic material;
yttrium oxide in an amount in a range of 1.5 to 2.5 mole percent based on total moles of inorganic oxide in the zirconia-based ceramic material; and
lanthanum oxide in an amount in a range of 0.5 to 5.0 mole percent based on total moles of inorganic oxide in the zirconia-based ceramic material,
wherein the zirconia-based ceramic material has an average grain size less than or equal to 200 nanometers and wherein the sintered body has a density that is at least 99.5 percent of a theoretical density.
2. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein the sintered body has a density that is at least 99.9 percent of a theoretical density.
3. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein the average grain size is less than or equal to 100 nanometers.
4. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein at least 70 percent of the zirconia-based ceramic material has a cubic/tetragonal crystalline structure.
5. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein at least 80 percent of the zirconia-based ceramic material has a cubic/tetragonal crystalline structure.
6. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein the sintered body has an average pore size no greater than 100 nanometers.
7. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein the sintered body has an average pore size no greater than 50 nanometers.
8. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein the zirconia-based ceramic material comprises 94.7 to 97.1 mole percent zirconium oxide, 1.9 to 2.3 mole percent yttrium oxide, and 1.0 to 3.0 mole percent lanthanum oxide.
9. A method of making a sintered body comprising a zirconia-based ceramic material, the method comprising:
providing a zirconia-based sol comprising zirconia-based particles that are crystalline and that have an average particle size no greater than 100 nanometers, the zirconia-based particles comprising
a) zirconium oxide in an amount in a range of 92.5 to 98.0 mole percent based on total moles of inorganic oxide in the zirconia-based particles;
b) yttrium oxide in an amount in a range of 1.5 to 2.5 mole percent based on total moles of inorganic oxide in the zirconia-based particles; and
c) lanthanum oxide in an amount in a range of 0.5 to 5.0 mole percent based on total moles of inorganic oxide in the zirconia-based particles;
forming a zirconia-based green body from the zirconia-based sol,
wherein the green body comprises at least 25 volume percent inorganic oxide based on a total volume of the green body; and
heating the zirconia-based green body to sinter the zirconia-based particles and to form the zirconia-based ceramic material, wherein the zirconia-based ceramic material has an average grain size no greater than 200 nanometers and wherein the sintered body has a density that is at least 99.5 percent of a theoretical density.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein forming the zirconia-based green body comprises osmotic casting.
11. The method of claim 9 , the method further comprising
preparing a partially sintered body from the green body, wherein the partially sintered body comprises 25 to 75 volume percent inorganic oxide and 25 to 75 volume percent voids; and
sintering comprises heating the partially sintered body to form the sintered body comprising greater than 75 volume percent inorganic oxide and less than 25 volume percent voids.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the zirconia-based sol comprising zirconia-based particles having an average particle size no greater than 9.4 nanometers.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein at least 70 percent of the zirconia-based particles has a cubic/tetragonal crystalline structure.
14. The sintered body of claim 1 , wherein 90 to 100 percent of the zirconia-based ceramic material has a cubic/tetragonal structure and 0 to 10 percent of the zirconia-based ceramic material has a monoclinic structure.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein 90 to 100 percent of the zirconia-based ceramic material has a cubic/tetragonal structure and 0 to 10 percent of the zirconia-based ceramic material has a monoclinic structure.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein heating the zirconia-based green body is at a temperature in a range of 1000° C. to 1250° C.