Oxygen transport membrane system and method for transferring heat to catalytic/process reactors
A method and apparatus for producing heat used in a synthesis gas production process is provided. The disclosed method and apparatus include a plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements adapted to separate oxygen from an oxygen containing stream contacting the retentate side of the membrane elements. The permeated oxygen is combusted with a hydrogen containing synthesis gas stream contacting the permeate side of the tubular oxygen transport membrane elements thereby generating a reaction product stream and radiant heat. The present method and apparatus also includes at least one catalytic reactor containing a catalyst to promote the steam reforming reaction wherein the catalytic reactor is surrounded by the plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements. The view factor between the catalytic reactor and the plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements radiating heat to the catalytic reactor is greater than or equal to 0.5.
1. A method for producing a synthesis gas comprising the steps of:
separating oxygen from an oxygen containing stream with a plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements each having a permeate side and a retentate side, the oxygen containing stream contacting the retentate side of the plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements and produce the separated oxygen on the permeate side of the tubular oxygen transport membrane elements;
combusting the permeated oxygen with a hydrogen containing synthesis gas stream contacting the permeate side of the tubular oxygen transport membrane elements to generate radiant heat and a reaction product stream;
combining the reaction product stream with a hydrocarbon containing reactant stream and adding steam to the hydrogen containing reactant gas stream, the reaction product stream, or the combined stream to form a steam containing combined stream;
reacting the steam containing combined stream in at least one catalytic reactor in the presence of the radiant heat to produce a synthesis gas product stream; and
recycling a portion of the synthesis gas product stream to form the hydrogen containing synthesis gas stream;
wherein the at least one catalytic reactor is disposed proximate the plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements and wherein the view factor between the at least one catalytic reactor and the plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements radiating heat to the at least one catalytic reactor is greater than or equal to 0.5 and the area ratio is greater than about 0.60.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of adding a carbon dioxide input to the hydrocarbon containing reactant stream or the stream containing combined stream.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the radiant heat maintains the temperature of the reaction in the at least one catalytic reactor between about 850° C and about 1100° C.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the synthesis gas product stream is used in a synthetic fuel production process and wherein the combined stream has a steam-to-carbon ratio of between about 0.5 and 0.6.
5. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the synthesis gas product stream is used in a synthetic fuel production process and wherein the synthesis gas has a hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio of between about 1.8 to 2.0.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the tubular oxygen transport membrane elements are configured to produce an oxygen depleted retentate stream and the retentate stream is heated from the combustion of the permeated oxygen with the hydrogen containing synthesis gas stream and heat from the heated retentate stream is indirectly transferred to the at least one catalytic reactor.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the tubular oxygen transport membrane elements are configured to produce an oxygen depleted retentate stream and the retentate stream is heated from the combustion of the permeated oxygen with the hydrogen containing synthesis gas stream and heat from the heated retentate stream is used to preheat the oxygen containing stream.