Electricity generation device with several heat pumps in series
The device for generating electricity ( 1 ) comprises: a first heat pump ( 3 ) provided with a first closed circuit ( 15 ) in which a first heat-transfer fluid circulates, and with a first heat exchanger ( 17 ) between the first heat-transfer fluid and a flow of atmospheric air in which the flow of atmospheric air transfers a quantity of heat to the first heat-transfer fluid, at least a second heat pump ( 5 ), provided with a second closed circuit ( 23 ) in which a second heat-transfer fluid circulates, and with a second heat exchanger ( 25 ) between the second heat-transfer fluid and a third heat-transfer fluid in which the second heat-transfer fluid transfers a quantity of heat to the third heat-transfer fluid; means for transferring a quantity of heat from the first heat-transfer fluid to the second heat-transfer fluid; a third closed circuit ( 9 ), in which the third heat-transfer fluid circulates; a turbine ( 11 ) inserted on the third closed circuit ( 9 ) and driven by the third heat-transfer fluid; an electric generator ( 13 ), mechanically driven by the turbine ( 11 ).
1. A device for generating electricity, comprising:
a first heat pump comprising a first closed circuit in which a first heat-transfer fluid circulates, and with a first heat exchanger between the first heat-transfer fluid and a flow of atmospheric air in which the flow of atmospheric air transfers a quantity of heat to the first heat-transfer fluid,
at least one second heat pump comprising a second closed circuit in which a second heat-transfer fluid circulates, and with a second heat exchanger between the second heat-transfer fluid and a third heat-transfer fluid in which the second heat-transfer fluid transfers a quantity of heat to the third heat-transfer fluid;
a third heat pump configured to transfer a quantity of heat from the first heat-transfer fluid to the second heat-transfer fluid;
a third closed circuit, in which the third heat-transfer fluid circulates;
a turbine inserted in the third closed circuit and driven by the third heat-transfer fluid; and
an electric generator, mechanically driven by the turbine;
the third closed circuit comprising first and second loops in which the third heat-transfer fluid circulates, each of the first and second loops having a hot line connecting an outlet of the second heat exchanger with a high pressure inlet of the turbine, the first loop having a first feedback line connecting a low pressure outlet of the turbine with an inlet of the second heat exchanger, the second loop having an intermediate heat exchanger between the first heat-transfer fluid and the third heat-transfer fluid in which the third heat-transfer fluid transfers a quantity of heat to the first heat-transfer fluid, an intermediate line connecting a low pressure outlet of the turbine with an inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger, and a second feedback line connecting an outlet of the intermediate exchanger with an inlet of the second heat exchanger.
2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the third heat pump comprises a fourth closed circuit in which a fourth heat-transfer fluid circulates, a third heat exchanger between the first heat-transfer fluid and the fourth heat-transfer fluid in which the first heat-transfer fluid transfers a quantity of heat to the fourth heat-transfer fluid, and a fourth heat exchanger between the fourth heat-transfer fluid and the second heat-transfer fluid in which the fourth heat-transfer fluid transfers a quantity of heat to the second heat-transfer fluid.
3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
circulating a fourth heat-transfer fluid through a fourth closed circuit;
transferring a quantity of heat from the first heat-transfer fluid to the fourth heat-transfer fluid; and
transferring a quantity of heat from the from the fourth heat-transfer fluid to the second heat-transfer fluid.
4. The device according to claim 2 , wherein the first heat-transfer fluid, at an inlet to the third heat exchanger, has a pressure of between 18 and 22 bars and a temperature of between 220 and 270° C., the first heat-transfer fluid having at an inlet to the first heat exchanger a pressure of between 2 and 6 bars and a temperature of between 0 and 20° C.
5. The device according to claim 2 , wherein the fourth heat-transfer fluid, at an inlet to the fourth heat exchanger, has a pressure of between 17 and 22 bars and a temperature of between 290 and 330° C., the fourth heat-transfer fluid having at an inlet to the third heat exchanger a pressure of between 2 and 6 bars and a temperature of between 30 and 70° C.
6. The device according to claim 2 , wherein the second heat-transfer fluid, at an inlet to the second heat exchanger, has a pressure of between 13 and 17 bars and a temperature of between 340 and 390° C., the second heat-transfer fluid having at an inlet to the fourth heat exchanger a pressure of between 1 and 5 bars and a temperature of between 90 and 130° C.
7. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the first heat-transfer fluid comprises propane.
8. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the second heat-transfer fluid comprises hexane.
9. The device according to claim 2 , wherein the fourth heat-transfer fluid comprises butane.
10. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the third heat-transfer fluid comprises water.
11. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the turbine and the electric generator together have an electric yield of more than 60%.
12. A method for generating electricity, comprising:
circulating a first heat-transfer fluid through a first closed circuit so as to exchange heat between the first heat-transfer fluid and a flow of atmospheric air in which the flow of atmospheric air transfers a quantity of heat to the first heat-transfer fluid,
circulating a second heat-transfer fluid through a second closed circuit so as to exchange heat between the second heat-transfer fluid and a third heat-transfer fluid in which the second heat-transfer fluid transfers a quantity of heat to the third heat-transfer fluid;
transferring a quantity of heat from the first heat-transfer fluid to the second heat-transfer fluid;
circulating the third heat-transfer fluid through a third closed circuit;
driving a turbine inserted in the third closed circuit by the third heat-transfer fluid; and
mechanically driving an electric generator by the turbine;
wherein the third closed circuit comprises first and second loops in which the third heat-transfer fluid circulates, each of the first and second loops having a hot line connecting an outlet of the second heat exchanger with a high pressure inlet of the turbine, the first loop having a first feedback line connecting a low pressure outlet of the turbine with an inlet of the second heat exchanger, the second loop having an intermediate heat exchanger between the first heat-transfer fluid and the third heat-transfer fluid in which the third heat-transfer fluid transfers a quantity of heat to the first heat-transfer fluid, an intermediate line connecting a low pressure outlet of the turbine with an inlet of the intermediate heat exchanger, and a second feedback line connecting an outlet of the intermediate exchanger with an inlet of the second heat exchanger.