Actuator
The invention provides an actuator for an electric motor and an electric motor including said actuator. The actuator includes one or more body formed from a dielectric elastomer, each body having at least one active region that is directly or indirectly coupled to a drive means. The active regions are arranged such that, in use, actuation thereof causes driven means to move with components in at least first and second directions, preferably within a plane of the body.
1. An actuator including:
one or more body formed from a dielectric elastomer, each body having at least one active region; and
a drive means directly or indirectly coupled to each active region and formed by or coupled to an edge portion of at least one said body, the edge portion being defined by an aperture in the one or more body, wherein:
an engaging portion of the drive means is configured to engage a driven means such that only a part of the engaging portion is operably engaged with the driven means at any point in time,
the at least one active region is arranged such that actuation thereof causes the part of the engaging portion engaged with the driven means to change and the driven means to move, the motion of the drive means including components in at least first and second directions, and
the second direction is non-parallel to the first direction.
2. The actuator of claim 1 wherein the drive means is flexible.
3. The actuator of claim 2 , wherein the driven means extends through the one or more body.
4. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein said body and drive means are at least one of integrally formed or are formed from a single moulding process.
5. The actuator of claim 1 , including at least two said active regions.
6. The actuator of claim 1 wherein each active region is defined by a pair of electrodes coupled to or integral to the dielectric elastomer of the corresponding body.
7. The actuator of claim 6 , wherein the actuator includes or is adapted to be coupled to means for selectively applying a voltage to the electrodes of each active region, and wherein the means for selectively applying a voltage is configured to apply a voltage to each active region in at least one of a controlled or predetermined sequence so as to cause the driven means to move in a desired manner.
8. The actuator of claim 7 , including a plurality of said bodies arranged such that the active regions of each said body are out of phase with the active regions of each adjacent body.
9. The actuator of claim 2 , wherein actuation of the active regions causes the driven means to rotate about an axis, and the orientation of the axis is variable.
10. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the or at least one body of the one or more body is in the form of a membrane.
11. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the first and second directions are at least one of substantially within or substantially parallel to a plane of the one or more body.
12. The actuator of claim 1 including support means for supporting the one or more body.
13. The actuator of claim 12 , wherein the or at least one body is stretched prior to coupling thereof to the support means.
14. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the engaging surfaces of at least one of the drive means or the driven means are configured to minimize slip therebetween.
15. The actuator of claim 2 wherein the engaging surfaces of at least one of the drive means or the driven means are configured to allow slip therebetween, and the driven means has a non circular cross-section in the axis of rotation.
16. The actuator of claim 1 , including the driven means.