Fining of boroalumino silicate glasses
Glasses are disclosed which can be used to produce substrates for flat panel display devices, e.g., active matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCDs). The glasses have MgO concentrations in the range from 1.0 mole percent to 3.0 mole percent and Σ[RO]/[Al 2 O 3 ] ratios greater than or equal to 1.00, where [Al 2 O 3 ] is the mole percent of Al 2 O 3 and Σ[RO] equals the sum of the mole percents of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO. These compositional characteristics have been found to improve the melting properties of batch materials used to produce the glass, which, in turn, allows the glasses to be fined (refined) with more environmentally friendly fining agents, e.g., tin as opposed to arsenic and/or antimony.
1. An alkali-free glass for a downdraw process comprising in mole percent on an oxide basis:
SiO 2 : 64.0-71.0
Al 2 O 3 : 9.0-12.0
B 2 O 3 : 7.0-12.0
MgO: 1.0-3.0
CaO: 6.0-11.5
SrO: 0-2.0
BaO: 0-0.1
wherein:
(a) 1.00≦Σ[RO]/[Al 2 O 3 ], where [Al 2 O 3 ] is the mole percent of Al 2 O 3 and Σ[RO] equals the sum of the mole percents of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO;
(b) the glass has the following compositional characteristics:
(i) on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at most 0.05 mole percent As 2 O 3 ;
(ii) on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at most 0.05 mole percent Sb 2 O 3 ; and
(iii) on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at least 0.01 mole percent SnO 2 ; and
(c) the glass has a liquidus viscosity that is greater than or equal to 100,000 poise.
2. The glass of claim 1 wherein:
Σ[RO]/[Al 2 O 3 ]≦1.25.
3. The glass of claim 1 wherein, on an oxide basis, SrO is at most 1.0 mole percent.
4. The glass of claim 1 wherein the glass has at least one of the following properties:
(a) a density that is less than or equal to 2.41 grams/cm 3 ;
(b) a linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) over the temperature range 0-300° C. which satisfies the relationship:
28×10 −7 /° C.≦CTE≦34×10 −7 /° C.;
(c) a liquidus temperature less than or equal to 1170° C.;
(d) a strain point that is greater than or equal to 650° C.
5. The glass of claim 4 wherein the glass has at least properties (a) through (c).
6. The glass of claim 4 wherein the glass has properties (a) through (d).
7. The glass of claim 1 wherein the glass has a liquidus viscosity greater than or equal to 200,000 poise.
8. The glass of claim 1 wherein, on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at most 0.15 mole percent SnO 2 .
9. The glass of claim 1 wherein the glass has a MgO content between 1.2 and 2.8 mole percent.
10. The glass of claim 1 wherein the glass is substantially free of BaO.
11. The glass of claim 1 wherein the glass comprises at most 0.005 mole percent As 2 O 3 and at most 0.005 mole percent Sb 2 O 3 .
12. The glass of claim 1 wherein the downdraw process is a fusion process.
13. An alkali-free glass sheet produced by a downdraw process comprising a glass that comprises SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 , MgO, and CaO, and, on an oxide basis, has:
(i) a Σ[RO]/[Al 2 O 3 ] ratio greater than or equal to 1.0, where [Al 2 O 3 ] is the mole percent of Al 2 O 3 and Σ[RO] is the sum of the mole percents of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO; and
(ii) a MgO content greater than or equal to 1.0 mole percent;
wherein:
(a) on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at most 0.005 mole percent As 2 O 3 ;
(b) on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at most 0.005 mole percent Sb 2 O 3 ;
(c) on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at least 0.01 mole percent SnO 2 ; and
(d) the glass has a liquidus viscosity that is greater than or equal to 100,000 poise.
14. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein on an oxide basis, the glass comprises at most 0.15 mole percent SnO 2 .
15. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the glass has a MgO content between 1.2 and 2.8 mole percent.
16. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the glass is substantially free of BaO.
17. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the glass has a density that is less than or equal to 2.41 grams/cm 3 .
18. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the glass has a linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) over the temperature range 0-300° C. which satisfies the relationship:
28×10 −7 /° C.≦CTE≦34×10 −7 /° C.
19. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the glass has a liquidus temperature less than or equal to 1170° C.
20. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the glass has a strain point that is greater than or equal to 650° C.
21. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the downdraw process is a fusion process.
22. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein:
(i) the glass sheet has a volume of at least 500 cubic centimeters; and
(ii) a population of 50 of the glass sheets sequentially produced by the downdraw process has an average gaseous inclusion level of less than 0.05 gaseous inclusions/cubic centimeter.
23. The glass sheet of claim 13 wherein the glass has a liquidus viscosity greater than or equal to 200,000 poise.
24. The glass of claim 1 wherein the glass has a density that is less than or equal to 2.41 grams/cm 3 .