Ecologically friendly composition containing beneficial additives
One embodiment is a composition comprising water; starch; natural fibrous materials; one or more additives to improve certain properties such as heat transfer, microbial resistance, scavenging activity or shelf life; a mold release agent; flavoring agents; coloring agents; and/or wax emulsions, proteins, or other natural polymeric compounds to adjust the product properties for particular applications.
1. A composition for use in making a biodegradable and microwavable food container comprising:
water;
starch, wherein the starch comprises pregelatinized and native starch and wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 0% to less than 30% by weight of the total starch in the composition;
fibers, wherein a dispersion of the composition is such that the fibers are substantially separated from one another throughout a starch based matrix; and
a metal or metal oxide, wherein the metal or metal oxide is substantially dispersed throughout the composition such that the metal or metal oxide is partially or substantially enveloped by the starch of the starch based matrix to prevent sparking when microwaved and wherein the metal or metal oxide is in a range from more than 0% to less than 25% by dry weight of the composition wherein the dry weight of the composition is the total weight of the non-water components thereof.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel, silver, tungsten, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, and vanadium.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the metal or metal oxide is in a range from more than 5% to less than 15% by dry weight of the composition.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the metal or metal oxide is about 10% by dry weight of the composition.
5. A composition for use in making microwavable food containers comprising:
water;
starch, wherein the starch comprises pregelatinized and native starch and wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 0% to less than 30% by weight of the total starch in the composition;
an insolubilizing compound, wherein the insolubilizing compound comprises an aqueous solution comprising polyamide-epichlorohydrin compounds;
fibers, wherein a dispersion of the composition is such that the fibers are substantially separated from one another throughout a starch based matrix;
a wax;
a mold release agent; and
a metal or metal oxide wherein the metal or metal oxide is substantially dispersed throughout the composition such that the metal or metal oxide is partially or substantially enveloped by the starch of the starch based matrix to prevent sparking when microwaved and wherein the metal or metal oxide is in a range from more than 0% to less than 25% by dry weight of the composition wherein the dry weight of the composition is the total weight of the non-water components thereof.
6. The composition of claim 5 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel, silver, tungsten, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, and vanadium.
7. A composition for use in making biodegradable and microwavable food containers comprising:
water;
starch comprising pregelatinized and native starch wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 0% to less than 30% by weight of the total starch in the composition;
an insolubilizing compound comprising an aqueous solution comprising polyamide-epichlorohydrin compounds;
natural fibers, wherein a dispersion of the composition is such that the fibers are substantially separated from one another throughout a starch based matrix; and
a metal or metal oxide wherein the metal or metal oxide is substantially dispersed throughout the composition such that the metal or metal oxide is partially or substantially enveloped by the starch of the starch based matrix to prevent sparking when microwaved and wherein the metal or metal oxide is in a range from more than 0% to less than 25% by dry weight of the composition wherein the dry weight of the composition is the total weight of the non-water components thereof.
8. The composition of claim 7 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel, silver, tungsten, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, and vanadium.
9. A composition for use in making a biodegradable and microwavable food container comprising:
water;
starch, wherein the starch comprises pregelatinized and native starch;
fibers; and
a heat transfer compound wherein the heat transfer compound is substantially dispersed throughout the composition such that the heat transfer compound is partially or substantially enveloped by the starch of the starch based matrix to prevent sparking when microwaved and wherein the heat transfer compound is in a range from more than 0% to less than 25% by dry weight of the composition wherein the dry weight of the composition is the total weight of the non-water components thereof.
10. The composition of claim 9 wherein the heat transfer compound is substantially dispersed throughout the composition.
11. The composition of claim 10 wherein the heat transfer compound comprises a metal or oxide or sulfide thereof.
12. The composition of claim 11 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel, silver, tungsten, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, and vanadium.
13. The composition of claim 12 wherein the metal or metal oxide is in a range from more than 5% to less than 15% by dry weight of the composition.
14. The composition of claim 12 wherein the metal or metal oxide is about 10% by dry weight of the composition.
15. A composition for use in making biodegradable and microwavable food containers comprising:
water;
starch comprising pregelatinized and native starch wherein the pregelatinized starch is in a range from more than 0% to less than 30% by weight of the total starch in the composition;
an insolubilizing compound comprising an aqueous solution comprising polyamide-epichlorohydrin compounds;
natural fibers, wherein a dispersion of the composition is such that the fibers are substantially separated from one another throughout a starch based matrix; and
a heat transfer compound wherein the heat transfer compound is substantially dispersed throughout the composition such that the heat transfer compound is partially or substantially enveloped by the starch of the starch based matrix to prevent sparking when microwaved and wherein the heat transfer compound is in a range from more than 0% to less than 25% by dry weight of the composition wherein the dry weight of the composition is the total weight of the non-water components thereof.
16. The composition of claim 15 wherein the heat transfer compound is selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, metal sulfides, and metals.
17. The composition of claim 15 wherein the heat transfer compound comprises a metal oxide.
18. The composition of claim 17 wherein metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of NiO, MnO 2 , Co 2 O 3 , CuO, WO 3 , and Fe 3 O 4 .
19. The composition of claim 15 wherein the heat transfer compound comprises a metal sulfide.
20. The composition of claim 17 wherein the metal sulfide is selected from the group consisting of pyrite (FeS), galena (PbS), chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ), chalcocite (Cu 2 S), and silver sulfide (Ag 2 S).
21. The composition of claim 15 wherein the heat transfer compound comprises a metal.
22. The composition of claim 17 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Zn, Zr, W and V.
23. The composition of claim 15 wherein the metal or metal oxide is in a range from more than 5% to less than 15% by dry weight of the composition.
24. The composition of claim 15 wherein the metal or metal oxide is about 10% by dry weight of the composition.