Drug microparticles, processes of preparing them and a drug delivery vehicle comprising them
Provided are microparticles of active pharmaceutical ingredients, which are prepared by removing a sublimable carrier from a solid solution of the a active pharmaceutical ingredients in the sublimable carrier. Also provided are drug delivery vehicles comprising a carrier particle bearing the microparticles on its surface.
1. A drug delivery vehicle comprising at least one pharmaceutical carrier particle bearing on its surface microparticles of a poorly water soluble drug, wherein the microparticles have a mean particle size of about 100 nm to about 10 μm; the pharmaceutical carrier particle is selected from the group consisting of starch particles, microcrystalline starch particles, microcrystalline cellulose particles, lactose particles, and sugar particles; and the drug delivery vehicle is prepared by:
a) forming a solid solution comprising the poorly water soluble drug and a sublimable carrier; and
b) removing the sublimable carrier from the solid solution to deposit microparticles of the drug on the surface of the pharmaceutical carrier particle.
2. The drug delivery vehicle of claim 1 wherein the pharmaceutical carrier particle comprises particles of microcrystalline cellulose.
3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and the drug delivery vehicle of claim 1 .
4. An oral solid dosage form comprising a pharmaceutical composition according to claim 3 .
5. The drug delivery vehicle of claim 1 wherein the ratio of carrier particles to drug is about 2:1 to about 14:1.
6. The drug delivery vehicle of claim 5 , wherein the microparticles are obtained without mechanical micronization.
7. The drug delivery vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the sublimable carrier is selected from the group consisting of menthol, thymol, camphor, t-butanol, trichloro-t-butanol, imidazole, coumarin, acetic acid (glacial), dimethylsulfone, urea, vanillin, camphene, salicylamide, and 2-aminopyridine.
8. The drug delivery vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the drug is selected from the group consisting of itraconazole, bromocriptine, carbamazepine, diazepam, paclitaxel, etoposide, camptothecin, danazole, progesterone, nitrofurantoin, estradiol, estrone, oxfendazole, proquazone, ketoprofen, nifedipine, verapamil, and glyburide.