Myoglobin blooming agents, films, packages and methods for packaging
Non-shrink, forming and nonforming thermoplastic webs comprising a myoglobin blooming agent on a food contact surface are useful for packaging fresh meat and other products to fix a desirable color on the surface of the product.
1. A food packaging article having an interior surface and an exterior surface, the article comprising:
a food contact layer comprising a myoglobin blooming agent;
wherein the myoglobin blooming agent is present on the food contact layer surface in a concentration sufficient to produce a desirable surface coloration of the meat product and prevent undesirable depth of penetration of color into the body of the meat product; wherein the myoglobin blooming agent is selected from the group consisting of: nitrogen heterocycles, Fremy's salt, nitrate salts having the formula (MNO 3 ), nitrite salts having the formula (MNO 2 ), and combinations thereof, wherein the counter ion (M+) is selected from the group consisting of: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, protonated primary, secondary or tertiary amines, quaternary amines, and ammonium:
wherein the concentration of myoglobin blooming agent is between 0.001 to 0.900 mg/in 2 ;
an oxygen barrier; and
wherein the article has a heat shrinkage value of less than 5% in the machine direction at 90° C. and less than 5% in the transverse direction at 90° C. as measured before thermoforming.
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen barrier comprises PVDC, EVOH, polyamide, polyester, PVOH, nanocomposite, metal, a metal oxide coating, aluminum, PET, polyacrylonitrile or a combination thereof.
3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen barrier comprises PVDC, EVOH, nylon, polyester or a combination thereof.
4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen barrier comprises aluminum foil, an aluminum or silicon oxide coating.
5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article has an oxygen transmission rate of less than about 310 cm 3 /m 2 /24 hours measured at 0% relative humidity and 23° C.
6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article has an oxygen transmission rate of less than about 75 cm 3 /m 2 /24 hours measured at 0% relative humidity and 23° C.
7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article has an oxygen transmission rate of less than 20.0 cm 3 /m 2 /24 hours measured at 0% relative humidity and 23° C.
8. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article has an oxygen transmission rate of less than about 5 cm 3 /m 2 /24 hours measured at 0% relative humidity and 23° C.
9. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article comprises oxygen barrier as a separate polymeric layer in addition to the food contact layer.
10. The article of claim 9 , wherein the article comprises an exterior surface as a separate polymeric layer in addition to the food contact and oxygen barrier layers, and wherein the oxygen barrier layer is positioned between the exterior surface layer and the food contact layer.
11. The article of claim 10 , wherein the article comprises at least five polymeric layers and has a first intermediate layer positioned between the food contact layer and oxygen barrier layer and a second intermediate layer positioned between the oxygen barrier layer and the exterior surface layer.
12. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is a monolayer film, a multilayer film, a monolayer sheet, a multilayer sheet or a combination thereof.
13. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is a monolayer film or a multilayer film each having a thickness of less than 10 mil.
14. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is a monolayer sheet or a multilayer sheet each having a thickness of at least 10 mil.
15. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is a monolayer sheet or a multilayer sheet each having a thickness of between 10 mil and 50 mil.
16. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is a monolayer sheet or a multilayer sheet each having a thickness of between 10 mil and 30 mil.
17. The article of claim 10 , wherein the exterior surface layer comprises polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polystyrene or blend thereof.
18. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article has at least one layer comprising polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polystyrene or blend thereof.
19. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises a polyester or nylon.
20. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises a polyolefin or blend thereof.
21. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyester, nylon, ionomer, polyacrylonitrile, polyolefin, polystyrene, polystyrene and blends thereof.
22. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises an ionomer or blend thereof.
23. The article of claim 1 , wherein the myoglobin blooming agent is a nitrogen heterocycle selected from the group consisting of nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, salts and esters thereof, and combinations thereof.
24. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises between about 0.10 weight % and about 5.0 weight % of the myoglobin blooming agent.
25. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises between about 0.10 weight % and less than 2.0 weight % of the myoglobin blooming agent.
26. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises between about 0.75 weight % and about 1.75 weight % of the myoglobin blooming agent.
27. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer has on its food contact surface of from 0.01 to 10 μmol/inch 2 of the myoglobin blooming agent.
28. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer has on its food contact surface at least 0.1 mg/inch 2 of the myoglobin blooming agent.
29. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer has on its food contact surface less than 0.25 mg/inch 2 of the myoglobin blooming agent.
30. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises a heat sealable polymer.
31. The article of claim 1 , wherein the food contact layer comprises a heat sealable polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyethylene, LDPE, HDPE, ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer, VLDPE, LLDPE, polypropylene, polybutylene-1, EVA, EMA, EBA, EEA, EAA, EMAA, ionomer, and combinations thereof.
32. The article of claim 1 , wherein at least one layer of the article is crosslinked.
33. The article of claim 10 , wherein at least one layer of the article is irradiatively crosslinked.
34. The article of claim 1 , wherein at least 5% of the article is transparent.
35. The article of claim 1 , wherein said article is thermoformable.
36. The article of claim 1 , wherein said article is thermoformed.
37. The article of claim 1 , wherein said article is thermoformed to a minimum draw depth of at least 0.125 inch.
38. The article of claim 1 , wherein said article is thermoformed to a draw depth of at least 0.5 inch.
39. The article of claim 1 , wherein said article has a foamed layer.