Polyamide compositions
Polyamide compositions and articles shaped therefrom have good dimensional stability and contain at least one novolac resin and nanometric flake structure filler material; the articles shaped therefrom, e.g., by injection molding, are useful in a various of applications, for example as engineering plastics.
1. A polyamide composition consisting of:
at least one polyamide;
at least one novolac resin;
a filler material having nanoscale sheet structures;
reinforcing or bulking fillers; and
additives selected from the group consisting of lubricants, plasticizers, nucleating agents, catalysts, resilience improvers, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, dyes, pigments, matting agents, and molding agents;
wherein the novolac resin is present in the composition in an amount of from 1% to 25% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
2. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , wherein the novolac resin is present in the composition in an amount of from 2% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
3. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , wherein the novolac resin is present in the composition in an amount of from 3% to 7% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
4. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures comprises montmorillonites; wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures is present in the composition in the amount of from 0.1% to 15% by weight of the total weight of the composition; wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures has a length ranging from 100 nm to 500 nm and a thickness ranging from 0.1 nm to 5 nm; or wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures has been treated with at least one member selected from the group consisting of oniums, saturated fatty acids and salts and derivatives thereof, unsaturated fatty acids and salts and derivatives thereof, derivatives of siloxanes, and derivatives of silicones.
5. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , wherein the at least one polyamide is selected from the group consisting of polyamide PA-6, polyamide PA-6,6, polyamide PA-6,10, polyamide PA-12, polyamide PA-6,12, poly(mtea-xylylenediamine-adipic) (MXD6), polyamide PA-6,6/6T, polyamide PA-6,6/6I, and blends and copolyamides thereof.
6. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures is selected from the group consisting of: fluoromicas, zirconium phosphates, silicates, phyllosilicates and hydrotalcites.
7. A polyamide composition consisting of:
at least one polyamide;
at least one novolac resin;
a filler material having nanoscale sheet structures;
reinforcing or bulking fillers; and
additives selected from the group consisting of lubricants, plasticizers, nucleating agents, catalysts, resilience improvers, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, dyes, pigments, matting agents, and molding agents;
wherein the at least one polyamide is selected from the group consisting of polyamide PA-6, polyamide PA-6,6, polyamide PA-6,10, polyamide PA-11, polyamide PA-12, polyamide PA-6,12, poly(meta-xylylenediamine-adipic acid) (MXD6), polyamide PA-6,6/6T, polyamide PA-6,6/6I, and blends and copolyamides thereof.
8. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 7 , wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures is selected from the group consisting of: fluoromicas, zirconium phosphates, silicates, phyllosilicates and hydrotalcites.
9. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 7 , wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures comprises montmorillonites; wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures is present in the composition in the amount of from 0.1% to 15% by weight of the total weight of the composition; wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures has a length ranging from 100 nm to 500 nm and a thickness ranging from 0.1 nm to 5 nm; or wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures has been treated with at least one member selected from the group consisting of oniums, saturated fatty acids and salts and derivatives thereof, unsaturated fatty acids and salts and derivatives thereof, derivatives of siloxanes, and derivatives of silicones.
10. A polyamide composition consisting of:
at least one polyamide;
at least one novolac resin;
a filler material having nanoscale sheet structures;
reinforcing or bulking fillers; and
additives selected from the group consisting of lubricants, plasticizers, nucleating agents, catalysts, resilience improvers, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, dyes, pigments, matting agents, and molding agents;
wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures comprises montmorillonites.
11. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 10 , wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures is present in the composition in the amount of from 0.1% to 15% by weight of the total weight of the composition.
12. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 10 , wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures is present in the composition in the amount of from 1% to 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition.
13. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 10 , wherein the filler material having nanoscale sheet structures is present in the composition in the amount of from 1% to 5% by weight of the total weight of the composition.
14. The polyamide composition as defined by claim 10 , said filler material having nanoscale sheet structures having been treated with at least one member selected from the group consisting of oniums, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and salts and derivatives thereof, and derivatives of siloxanes, and derivatives of silicones.
15. A process for preparing the polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 ,
said process comprising adding the resin(s) and filler material to at least one monomer of the polyamide in a polymerization medium therefor, and then polymerizing said monomers.
16. A process for preparing the polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 ,
said process comprising mixing the polyamide with either a compound having a structure made of sheets to be dispersed, or with a filler material having exfoliated nanoscale sheet structures.
17. An article shaped from a polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , by injection molding, by injection blow molding, by extrusion or by extrusion blow molding.
18. An article shaped from a polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , and painted via an electrostatic paint decomposition process.
19. An article shaped from a polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 .
20. An article shaped from a polyamide composition as defined by claim 1 , comprising an engineering plastic.