Cottonseed oil and uses
The present specification relates to the production of cotton plants and seeds and oil prepared therefrom having elevated levels of oleic and reduced levels of palmitic and linoleic acids. Furthermore, cottonseeds having low levels of cyclopropane and/or cyclopropene fatty acids and/or reduced levels of gossypol are described herein. The specification also describe FatB and CPA-FAS nucleotide and amino acid sequences derived from cotton facilitating, inter alia the direct modification of plant oil content and/or composition.
1. A process for producing cottonseed oil comprising the steps of
(i) obtaining cottonseed of the species Gossypium hirsutum , wherein in the oil of the cottonseed 72% to 88% by weight of the total fatty acid content is oleic acid, 4% to 16% by weight of the total fatty acid content is palmitic acid and 4% to 15% by weight of the total fatty acid content is linoleic acid, and wherein the cottonseed has a reduced level of each of cotton FAD2-1 protein, cotton FatB-2 protein, and cotton CPA-FAS-2 protein relative to the level of cotton FAD2-1 protein, cotton FatB-2 protein, and cotton CPA-FAS-2 protein, respectively, in cottonseed of cotton variety Coker when grown under the same conditions;
(ii) extracting the oil from the cottonseed; and
(iii) recovering the cottonseed oil.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of the total fatty acid content in the cottonseed oil is cyclopropane fatty acid (CPA), cyclopropene fatty acid (CPE) or a combination of CPA and CPE.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the fatty acid of the CPA or the CPE is malvalic acid, sterculic acid, dihydrosterculic acid or any combination of two or all three of these fatty acids.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the level of gossypol in the cottonseed is reduced by at least 10% relative to the level of gossypol in cottonseed of cotton variety Coker.
5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the level of gossypol in the cottonseed is reduced by at least 10% relative to the level of gossypol in cottonseed of cotton variety Coker.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein step (ii) comprises crushing the cottonseed.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein step (iii) comprises purifying the cottonseed oil.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cottonseed oil is not hydrogenated.
9. A cottonseed of the species Gossypium hirsutum comprising oil, wherein in the oil of the cottonseed 72% to 88% by weight of the total fatty acid content is oleic acid, 4% to 16% by weight of the total fatty acid content is palmitic acid and 4% to 15% by weight of the total fatty acid content is linoleic acid, and wherein the cottonseed has a reduced level of each of cotton FAD2-1 protein, cotton FatB-2 protein and cotton CPA-FAS-2 protein relative to the levels of cotton FAD2-1 protein, cotton FatB-2 protein and cotton CPA-FAS-2 protein respectively, in cottonseed of cotton variety Coker when grown under the same conditions.
10. The cottonseed of claim 9 , wherein 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of the total fatty acid content in the cottonseed oil is cyclopropane fatty acid (CPA), cyclopropene fatty acid (CPE) or a combination of CPA and CPE.
11. The cottonseed of claim 9 , wherein the level of gossypol in the cottonseed is reduced by at least 10% relative to the level of gossypol in cottonseed of cotton variety Coker.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein 4% to 10% by weight of the total fatty acid content in the cottonseed oil is palmitic acid.
13. The cottonseed of claim 9 , wherein 4% to 10% by weight of the total fatty acid content in the cottonseed oil is palmitic acid.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cottonseed has a germination rate which is substantially the same as cottonseed of the cotton variety Coker.
15. The cottonseed of claim 9 , wherein the cottonseed has a germination rate which is substantially the same as cottonseed of the cotton variety Coker.
16. The cottonseed of claim 9 , wherein
i) 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of the total fatty acid content in the cottonseed oil is cyclopropane fatty acid (CPA), cyclopropene fatty acid (CPE) or a combination of CPA and CPE, and
ii) the level of gossypol in the cottonseed is reduced by at least 10% relative to the level of gossypol in cottonseed of cotton variety Coker.