Templated islet cells and small islet cell clusters for diabetes treatment
A scaffold having islet cells or small islet cell clusters attached thereto in a multilayer, and a micro-mold having divots for culturing islets, wherein islet formation is influenced by the shape and dimensions of the divots are disclosed.
1. A non-implantable substrate for culturing cells comprising:
a non-adherent, divoted surface comprising a substantially planar top surface, and a plurality of divots etched into the substantially planar top surface of the substrate using a metal mask, and being free of coatings that increase cell adhesion;
wherein each divot comprises an interior bottom surface and an interior sidewall surface, wherein the bottom surface is rounded and wherein each divot is between 100-200 μm in diameter and 50-150 μm in depth;
wherein cells can be distributed into individual divots in an approximately 20-150 cells per 1 divot ratio, wherein the cells do not adhere to the divoted surface, such that the cells are removable from said divots.
2. A device for culturing cells comprising the substrate of claim 1 additionally comprising a system for holding said substrate, wherein the system forms a bottom surface and an interior side wall surface and an interior volume, the bottom and side walls being substantially tight to liquids, wherein cells and culture medium are distributed into the interior volume.
3. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the cells are islet cells.
4. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the cells are non-islet cells.
5. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the divots are 100 μm in diameter and 60 μm in depth.
6. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is made of glass.
7. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is sterilizable.
8. A method for culturing cells comprising introducing cells to a non-implantable substrate comprising a divoted surface comprising a substantially planar top surface and a plurality of divots etched into the substantially planar top surface of the substrate using a metal mask, said substrate being free of coatings that increase cell adhesion, said cells settling into the divots in an approximately 20-150 cells per 1 divot ratio, wherein each divot is between 100 and 200 μm in diameter and 50 and 150 μm in depth, and exposing the surface to cell culture conditions, wherein the cells do not adhere to the divoted surface, and are removable therefrom.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cells are islet cells and wherein the cells reaggregate into small islets after exposure to the substrate and supportive culture conditions.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cells are dispersed from an islet culture and chemicals or biological molecules are incorporated into the resulting small islets.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cells are non-islet cells.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the divots are 100 μm in diameter and 60 μm in depth.
13. A method for testing a plurality of cell samples for response to an introduced chemical comprising:
(a) culturing cells in a device according to claim 2 ,
(b) introducing a test chemical to each divot, and
(c) analyzing the response of the cells to the test chemical.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cells aggregate into 3-dimensional cell aggregates after exposure to the divoted surface and supportive culture conditions.
15. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the average distance between divots is less than 30 μm.
16. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein said substrate surface is free of cell adhesion molecules to facilitate individual cell attachment to the surface.