Ionic polymer metal composite capacitor
An ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) capacitor is disclosed which includes a thin single layer non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate with conductive film electrodes applied to at least a portion of each side of the non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate. The disclosed capacitor is suited for providing thin capacitance structures made to substantially any desired dimensions and shape and may be particularly suited for short term power storage in low power electronics, sensors, micro-electronics, MEMs and high temperature applications. A method of manufacturing an IPMC capacitor is also disclosed including providing a thin single layer non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate, applying a conductive film electrode to both sides of the substrate, and attaching electrical connections to the electrodes. The disclosed method of manufacture may optionally also include heat curing the capacitor and coating the capacitor with at least one moisture-resistant protective coating layer.
1. An ionic polymer metal composite capacitor comprising:
a thin single layer non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate comprising perfluorosulfonic acid/polytetrafluroethylene material copolymer, said substrate comprising first and second substantially parallel major surfaces;
first and second conductive film electrodes applied directly to at least a portion of said first and second substantially parallel major surfaces, respectively, of said thin single layer non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate, wherein each of said conductive film electrodes comprises at least one electrically conductive material.
2. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 1 , additionally comprising first and second electrical connections conductively attached to said first and second conductive film electrodes, respectively.
3. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 1 wherein said non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate comprises a thin sheet with thickness between about 50 μm and 400 μm.
4. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 1 wherein said non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate comprises a thin sheet with thickness of about 100-200 μm.
5. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 1 wherein said at least one electrically conductive material is selected from the list comprising:
gold, silver, platinum, copper, carbon, aluminum, conductive polymer materials, indium tin oxide, polypyrrole, and combinations thereof.
6. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 1 wherein each said conductive film electrode comprises at least one electrically conductive film of about 50 nm to 500 nm thickness.
7. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 1 , additionally comprising a first dielectric layer situated between said first surface of said ionic polymer substrate and said first conductive film electrode, and a second dielectric layer situated between said second surface of said ionic polymer substrate and said second conductive film electrode.
8. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 7 wherein said first and second dielectric layers comprise air gaps of about 5 nm to 50 nm thickness.
9. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 1 wherein at least a portion of said first or second conductive film electrodes additionally comprises one or more nano-arrays each comprising a pattern of nanofeatures, wherein said nanofeatures are formed in said conductive film electrodes.
10. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 9 wherein said nanofeatures comprise one or more of:
nanoholes of about 5 nm-500 nm in diameter; and
nanoslots of about 50 nm-500 nm in width;
and wherein said nanofeatures extend substantially through the thickness of at least one of said conductive film electrodes.
11. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 2 additionally comprising at least one protective coating layer applied to at least one of said first and second conductive film electrodes.
12. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 11 , wherein said at least one protective coating layer comprises a moisture-resistant coating applied to said first and second conductive film electrodes and any exposed edges of said ionic polymer substrate.
13. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 11 , wherein said at least one protective coating layer comprises a moisture and heat-resistant silicon/aluminum protective coating material.
14. An ionic polymer metal composite capacitor comprising:
a thin single layer non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate comprising first and second substantially parallel major surfaces;
first and second conductive film electrodes applied directly to at least a portion of said first and second substantially parallel major surfaces, respectively, of said thin single layer non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate, wherein each of said conductive film electrodes comprises:
a first film of chromium applied to at least a portion of said surface of said non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate, and
a second film of gold applied to said first film.
15. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 14 , additionally comprising first and second electrical connections conductively attached to said first and second conductive film electrodes, respectively.
16. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 14 wherein said non-hydrated ionic polymer substrate comprises a thin sheet with thickness between about 50 μm and 400 μm.
17. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 14 , additionally comprising a first dielectric layer situated between said first surface of said ionic polymer substrate and said first conductive film electrode, and a second dielectric layer situated between said second surface of said ionic polymer substrate and said second conductive film electrode.
18. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 14 wherein at least a portion of said first or second conductive film electrodes additionally comprises one or more nano-arrays each comprising a pattern of nanofeatures, wherein said nanofeatures are formed in said conductive film electrodes.
19. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 18 , wherein said nanofeatures comprise one or more of:
nanoholes of about 5 nm-500 nm in diameter; and
nanoslots of about 50 nm-500 nm in width;
and wherein said nanofeatures extend substantially through the thickness of at least one of said conductive film electrodes.
20. The ionic polymer metal composite capacitor according to claim 14 , additionally comprising at least one protective coating layer applied to at least one of said first and second conductive film electrodes, wherein said protective coating layer comprises at least one of:
a moisture-resistant coating applied to said first and second conductive film electrodes and any exposed edges of said ionic polymer substrate; and
a moisture and heat-resistant silicon/aluminum protective coating material.