Compositions and methods for characterizing a myopathy
The invention provides compositions, methods, and kits diagnosing, monitoring, and otherwise characterizing a myopathy and for detecting the presence of autoantibodies in a biological sample.
1. A method for characterizing a myopathy in a subject, the method comprising detecting in a biological sample of the subject increased levels of an autoantibody that recognizes a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) protein relative to a reference level.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising detecting in the biological sample of the subject a 100 kD protein and/or a 200 kD protein that binds an HMGCR antibody.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the myopathy is an autoimmune-mediated myopathy or necrotizing myopathy associated with statin therapy.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises characterizing proximal muscle strength, muscle edema on bilateral thigh magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), creatine kinase levels, and/or myopathic findings on electromyography.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising detecting a marker selected from the group consisting of antisynthetase autoantibodies, anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) autoantibodies, elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels, marked inflammatory cell infiltrates in muscle biopsy, rimmed vacuoles, perifascicular atrophy, class I MHC positive, membrane attack complex deposition in small perimysial blood vessels, and anti-NCAM antibody staining of regenerating muscle fibers.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological sample is a liquid biological sample or a tissue sample.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the autoantibody is detected in an immunoassay.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the immunoassay is selected from the group consisting of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), an immunoprecipitation assay, a fluorescent immunosorbent assay, a chemical linked immunosorbent assay, a radioimmunoassay, an immunoblotting assay, and immunometric assay, a flow cytometry assay, a Western blot, and an immunohistochemistry assay.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the HMGCR protein is fixed to a substrate.
10. The method of claim 9 , where the substrate is a membrane, a bead, or a microchip.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reference level is a normal control.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the HMGCR proteins is the full length protein or a fragment thereof having HMGCR antibody binding activity.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the HMGCR protein fragment comprises amino acids 340-888 of the HMGCR protein.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising detecting myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs).
15. A method for characterizing a myopathy in a subject, the method comprising detecting in a biological sample of the subject increased levels of a 100 kD protein and/or a 200 kD protein that binds an HMGCR antibody relative to a reference level.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the myopathy is an autoimmune-mediated myopathy or necrotizing myopathy associated with statin therapy.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the method further comprises characterizing proximal muscle strength, muscle edema on bilateral thigh magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), creatine kinase levels, and/or myopathic findings on electromyography.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising detecting a marker selected from the group consisting of antisynthetase autoantibodies, anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) autoantibodies, elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels, marked inflammatory cell infiltrates in muscle biopsy, rimmed vacuoles, perifascicular atrophy, class I MHC positive, membrane attack complex deposition in small perimysial blood vessels, and anti-NCAM antibody staining of regenerating muscle fibers.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the autoantibody is detected in an immunoassay selected from the group consisting of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), an immunoprecipitation assay, a fluorescent immunosorbent assay, a chemical linked immunosorbent assay, a radioimmunoassay, an immunoblotting assay, and immunometric assay, a flow cytometry assay, a Western blot, and an immunohistochemistry assay.
20. A method for characterizing a myopathy in a subject, the method comprising detecting in a biological sample of the subject increased levels of an autoantibody that recognizes amino acids 340-888 of a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) protein relative to a reference level, wherein the autoantibody is detected in an immunoassay.