Waterproof breathable composite materials for fabrication of flexible membranes and other articles
A waterproof breathable material has a higher strength-to-weight ratio and higher tear resistance-to-weight ratio than traditional materials, and may be applied in a wide field of potential uses. A non-woven composite material comprises at least one waterproof breathable (W/B) membrane, a first unidirectional non-woven composite layer having multiple fibers enclosed by adhesive in parallel to each other, a second unidirectional non-woven composite layer having multiple fibers enclosed in adhesive in parallel to each other. The first unidirectional non-woven composite layer is positioned such that the fibers are oriented 90° relative to the fibers of the second unidirectional non-woven composite layer, and a space is formed between the first and second multiple fibers. No adhesive is present in the space.
1. A non-woven composite material comprising:
at least one waterproof breathable (W/B) membrane; and
at least one unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer,
said fibers enclosed by a non-W/B adhesive;
wherein spaces between said parallel fibers are absent said non-W/B adhesive, and wherein said W/B membrane is bonded to said W/B polymer.
2. The non-woven composite material of claim 1 , wherein at least one unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprises a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
3. The non-woven composite material of claim 1 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
4. A non-woven composite material comprising:
at least one waterproof breathable (W/B) membrane;
a first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a first set of parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer, said first set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-W/B adhesive;
a second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a second set of parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer, said second set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-W/B adhesive;
wherein said first and second layers are bonded together such that said first and second sets of parallel fibers are 90° relative to one another;
wherein spaces between said fibers
are absent said non-W/B adhesive; and
wherein said W/B membrane is bonded to ether one of said first or second layers.
5. The non-woven composite material of claim 4 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
6. The non-woven composite material of claim 4 , wherein said at least one water breathable (W/B) layer consist of two W/B membrane layers, one of which is bonded to said first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer, the other of which is bonded to said second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer.
7. The non-woven composite material of claim 4 , wherein at least one of said first or second unidirectional fiber reinforced layers comprises a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
8. The non-woven composite material of claim 4 , further comprising a third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a third set of parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer, said third set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-W/B adhesive; wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first and second layers such that said third set of parallel fibers are 45° relative to said first set of parallel fibers; wherein spaces between said fibers are absent said non-W/B adhesive; and wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said W/B membrane, first layer, or second layer.
9. The non-woven composite material of claim 8 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
10. The non-woven composite material of claim 8 , wherein at least one of said first, second or third unidirectional fiber reinforced layers comprise a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
11. The non-woven composite material of claim 8 , further comprising a fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a fourth set of parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer, said fourth set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-W/B adhesive; wherein said fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is positioned relative to said first, second and third layers such that said fourth set of parallel fibers are 90° relative to said third set of parallel fibers; wherein spaces between said fibers are absent said non-W/B adhesive; and wherein said fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said W/B membrane, first layer, second layer, or third layer.
12. The non-woven composite material of claim 11 , further comprising at least one layer of woven or non-woven fabric.
13. The non-woven composite material of claim 11 , wherein at least one of said first, second, third or fourth unidirectional fiber reinforced layers comprise a unidirectional fiber/matrix tape.
14. A non-woven composite material comprising:
a first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a first set of parallel fibers embedded in a waterproof breathable (W/B) polymer adhesive;
a second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a second set of parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer adhesive;
wherein said first and second layers are bonded together such that said first and second sets of parallel fibers are disposed 90° relative to one another.
15. The non-woven composite material of claim 14 , further comprising a W/B membrane bonded to said first unidirectional fiber reinforced layer.
16. The non-woven composite material of claim 15 , further comprising a second W/B membrane bonded to said second unidirectional fiber reinforced layer.
17. The non-woven composite material of claim 14 , further comprising a third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a third set of parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer adhesive, wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said first or second layers such that said third set of parallel fibers is disposed 45° relative to said first set of parallel fibers.
18. The non-woven composite material of claim 14 , further comprising a third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer comprising a third set of parallel fibers embedded in a W/B polymer, said third set of parallel fibers enclosed by a non-W/B adhesive, wherein spaces between said fibers are absent said non-W/B adhesive; and wherein said third unidirectional fiber reinforced layer is bonded to any one of said first or second layers such that said third set of parallel fibers is disposed 45° relative to said first set of parallel fibers.
19. The non-woven composite material of claim 17 , further comprising a W/B membrane bonded to any of said layers.
20. The non-woven composite material of claim 18 , further comprising a W/B membrane bonded to any of said layers.