Semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, a semiconductor device and systems incorporating the same include transistors having a gate metal doped with impurities. An altered work function of the transistor may alter a threshold voltage of the transistor. In certain embodiments, a gate metal of a first MOSFET is doped with impurities. A gate metal of a second MOSFET may be left undoped, doped with the same impurities with a different concentration, and/or doped with different impurities. In some embodiments, the MOSFETs are FinFETs, and the doping may be a conformal doping.
1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a substrate;
a gate metal layer;
a first FIN field effect transistor (FINFET) comprising:
a first source at the substrate;
a first drain at the substrate;
a first channel at the substrate, the first channel being interposed between the first source and the first drain;
a first gate comprising a first portion of the gate metal layer, the first portion of the gate metal comprising a first gate material; and
a first gate oxide interposed between the first gate and the first channel; and
a second FINFET comprising:
a second source at the substrate;
a second drain at the substrate;
a second channel at the substrate, the second channel being interposed between the second source and the second drain;
a second gate comprising a second portion of the gate metal layer, the second portion of the gate metal comprising a second gate material; and
a second gate oxide interposed between the second gate and the second channel;
wherein the first gate material comprises first dopants causing the first gate material to have a first work function,
wherein the second gate material has a second work function different from the first work function, and
wherein the first FINFET and the second FINFET are of the same conductivity type.
2. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the second gate material comprises second dopants, different from the first dopants, causing the second gate material to have the second work function.
3. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the second gate material does not include dopants.
4. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the second gate material comprises first dopants at a concentration different from a concentration of the first dopants in the first gate material.
5. The semiconductor device of claim 1 ,
wherein the first and second transistors have substantially the same size, and
wherein the first and second transistors have different threshold voltages.
6. The semiconductor device of claim 5 , other than a dopant difference of the first gate material and the second gate material, the first and second transistors are formed of the same materials.
7. A semiconductor device comprising:
a substrate;
a gate metal layer;
a first FIN field effect transistor (FINFET) comprising:
a first source at the substrate;
a first drain at the substrate;
a first channel at the substrate, the first channel being interposed between the first source and the first drain;
a first gate comprising a first portion of the gate metal layer; and
a first gate oxide interposed between the first gate and the first channel; and
a second FINFET comprising:
a second source at the substrate;
a second drain at the substrate;
a second channel at the substrate, the second channel being interposed between the second source and the second drain;
a second gate comprising a second portion of the gate metal layer; and
a second gate oxide interposed between the second gate and the second channel;
wherein the first gate comprises first dopants,
wherein the second gate comprises at least one of:
(a) second dopants different from the first dopants,
(b) first dopants at a different concentration than a concentration of dopants of the first gate material, and
(c) no dopants,
wherein the first FINFET and the second FINFET are of the same conductivity type.
8. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , wherein the second gate comprises second dopants at a concentration different from a concentration of the first dopants of the first gate.
9. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , wherein the second gate comprises second dopants different from the first dopants.
10. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , wherein the second gate comprises no dopants.
11. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , wherein the conductivity type of the first FINFET and the second FINFET is N-type.
12. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , wherein the conductivity type of the first FINFET and the second FINFET is P-type.
13. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , wherein the first FINFET and the second FINFET have the same channel length and channel width.
14. The semiconductor device of claim 13 , wherein the first FINFET and the second FINFET have different threshold voltage levels.
15. The semiconductor device of claim 14 , wherein width of first gate is 20 nm or less and the width of the second gate is 20 nm or less.
16. The semiconductor device of claim 13 ,
wherein the first gate of the first FINFET has a first doping profile at both a top surface of the first gate and a vertical surface of the first gate, and
wherein the second gate of the second FINFET has a second doping profile at both a top surface of the second gate and a second surface of the first gate, the second doping profile being different from the first doping profile.
17. The semiconductor device of claim 16 , wherein the first doping profile comprises first dopants that are not elements of the second doping profile.
18. The semiconductor device of claim 16 , wherein the first doping profile comprises a peak doping concentration different from a peak doping concentration of the second doping profile.
19. The semiconductor device of claim 7 ,
wherein the first gate of the first FINFET has a first doping profile at both a top surface of the first gate and a vertical surface of the first gate, and
wherein the second gate of the second FINFET is undoped.
20. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , further comprising:
a first group of FINFETS, the first group comprising the first FINFET and other FINFETs having substantially the same construction as the first FINFET; and
a second group of FINFETS, the second group comprising the second FINFET and other FINFETs having substantially the same construction as the second FINFET transistor.
21. The semiconductor device of claim 20 ,
wherein each of the first group of FINFETs is contained within a first well, and
wherein each of the second group of FINFETs is contained within a second well.
22. The semiconductor device of claim 20 , wherein each of the first group of FINFETs and each of the second group of FINFETs are contained within a first well.
23. A semiconductor device comprising:
a semiconductor substrate,
a gate metal layer on the semiconductor substrate;
a first FinFET comprising:
a first source at the substrate;
a first drain at the substrate;
a first channel at the substrate, the first channel having a top surface and opposing side surfaces, the first channel being interposed between the first source and the first drain;
a first gate oxide on the top surface of the first channel and on each of the opposing side surfaces of the first channel; and
a first gate comprising a first portion of the gate metal layer on the first gate oxide at the top surface of the first channel and extending from one of the opposing side surfaces of the first channel to the other of the opposing side surfaces of the first channel; and
a second FinFET comprising:
a second source at the substrate;
a second drain at the substrate;
a second channel at the substrate, the second channel having a top surface and opposing side surfaces, the second channel being interposed between the second source and the second drain;
a second gate oxide on the top surface of the second channel and on each of the opposing side surfaces of the second channel; and
a second gate comprising a second portion of the gate metal layer on the second gate oxide at the top surface of the second channel and extending from one of the opposing side surfaces of the second channel to the other of the opposing side surfaces of the second channel,
wherein the first gate comprises first dopants,
wherein the second gate comprises at least one of:
(a) second dopants different from the first dopants,
(b) first dopants at a different concentration than a concentration of dopants of the first gate material, and
(c) no dopants, and
wherein the first FinFET and the second FinFET are of the same conductivity type.
24. The semiconductor device of claim 23 ,
wherein the first gate is conformal with the first gate oxide such that the first gate includes a top surface and opposing side surfaces,
wherein the second gate is conformal with the second gate oxide such that the second gate includes a top surface and opposing side surfaces, and
wherein the first gate further comprises first dopants at the top surface and the opposing side surfaces.
25. The semiconductor device of claim 24 , wherein a doping concentration profile of the top surface of the first gate is substantially the same as a doping concentration profile of the opposing side surfaces of the first gate.
26. The semiconductor device of claim 24 , wherein the top surface of the first gate and the top surface of the second gate have different peak doping concentrations.
27. The semiconductor device of claim 24 , wherein the top surface of the first gate and the opposing side surfaces of the first gate are substantially the same.
28. A semiconductor device comprising:
a substrate;
a gate metal layer;
a first FIN field effect transistor (FINFET) comprising:
a first source at the substrate;
a first drain at the substrate;
a first channel at the substrate, the first channel being interposed between the first source and the first drain;
a first gate comprising a first portion of the gate metal layer; and
a first gate oxide interposed between the first gate and the first channel; and
a second FINFET comprising:
a second source at the substrate;
a second drain at the substrate;
a second channel at the substrate, the second channel being interposed between the second source and the second drain;
a second gate comprising a second portion of the gate metal layer; and
a second gate oxide interposed between the second gate and the second channel;
wherein the first gate comprises first dopants,
wherein the first FINFET and the second FINFET are of the same conductivity type,
wherein the first FINFET and the second FINFET have different threshold voltage levels, and
wherein the first FINFET and the second FINFET have a same channel length and a same channel width.
29. The semiconductor device of claim 28 , wherein, other than a dopant difference of the first gate and the second gate, the first and second transistors are formed of the same materials.
30. The semiconductor device of claim 29 , wherein the dopant difference of the first gate and the second gate includes dopants in the first gate not present in the second gate.
31. The semiconductor device of claim 29 , wherein the dopant difference of the first gate and the second gate includes a doping concentration of the first gate not present in the second gate.
32. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein a top and sides of the first gate material are doped with the first dopants conformally.
33. The semiconductor device of claim 7 , wherein a top and sides of the first gate are doped with the first dopants conformally.
34. The semiconductor device of claim 23 , wherein a top and sides of the first gate are doped with the first dopants conformally.
35. The semiconductor device of claim 28 , wherein a top and sides of the first gate are doped with the first dopants conformally.