Bed bug attractants and methods for trapping bed bugs
The present invention relates to compositions and methods for attracting bed bugs with novel attractants and new and improved methods to enable their use to attract, monitor or trap bed bugs for surveying, monitoring, mitigation and management purposes. Known mammal pheromones were discovered to be useful as bed bug kairomone attractants. A method of delivering non-volatile attractants by using the attractive heat source to heat and volatilize the attractants was discovered to be the optimal method to disseminate the kairomones. A new method of generating low levels of carbon dioxide is disclosed, and the combination of kairomones, carbon dioxide and heat is shown to attract bed bugs.
1. A method of attracting bed bugs, comprising dispersing at least one trap, the trap comprising:
a) a bed bug attractant comprising: (i) at least one of oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, capric acid, myristic acid, androstenone or 3-methyl indole, or derivatives thereof, or mammal pheromones; (ii) wherein said derivatives are esters, salts, alcohols, ketones, ethers or amides; and
b) a carbon dioxide-generating means comprising: (i) brewers yeast: 0.20% to 0.75% by weight; and (ii) sugar: 9.00% to 14.00% by weight; and (iii) citric acid: 0.10 to 0.25% by weight; and (iv) water: 85.00% to 91.00% by weight; and
c) a heating means in an area where bed bug populations are known or suspected to be present, or where attracting, monitoring, and/or trapping bed bug populations for surveying, monitoring, mitigation, and/or management purposes is desirable.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said heating means is located sufficiently proximal to the bed bug attractant so as to increase volatility of said bed bug attractant.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said carbon dioxide-generating means further comprises: 3-methyl indole, or its esters or salts or alcohols or ketones or ethers or amides, or the related compound 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxindole, 3-methyloxindole, 5-hydroxy-3-methylindole, 6-hydroxy-3-methylindole, or indole-3-carbinol, or derivatives thereof, wherein said derivatives are esters or salts or alcohols or ketones or ethers or amides.