Amphiphilic fouling release coatings
The present invention provides an amphiphilic polymeric material well-suited as a coating for marine applications, such as use as a fouling-release coating on the external surfaces of ships, particularly ship hulls. Also provided are methods of making the polymeric material and methods for using the polymeric material, as well as articles and surfaces that are coated with the polymeric material.
1. An amphiphilic polymeric material formed by reacting a mixture comprising at least one silane-functional hydrophilic component and at least one fluorine-containing silanol-terminated polysiloxane.
2. A substrate comprising a surface comprising a fouling-release coating, wherein the coating comprises the polymeric material of claim 1 .
3. A maritime vessel comprising a polymeric coating comprising the polymeric material of claim 1 .
4. The polymeric material of claim 1 wherein the silane-functional hydrophilic component comprises a silane-functional polyalkyleneglycol.
5. The polymeric material of claim 1 wherein the mixture further comprises a silane-functional fluorine-containing compound.
6. The polymeric material of claim 1 wherein the silane-functional hydrophilic component comprises an alkoxysilane.
7. The polymeric material of claim 1 wherein the fluorine-containing silanol-terminated polysiloxane comprises a copolymer of fluorine-containing monomers and non-fluorine-containing monomers.
8. The polymeric material of claim 1 wherein the mixture further comprises a non-fluorine-containing silanol-terminated polysiloxane.
9. The polymeric material of claim 8 wherein the silanol-terminated polysiloxane comprises a homopolymer, a heteropolymer, or a copolymer.
10. The polymeric material of claim 9 wherein the copolymer comprises a block copolymer or random copolymer.
11. The polymeric material of claim 8 wherein the silanol-terminated polysiloxane further comprises a hydrophilic component.
12. The polymeric material of claim 11 wherein the polysiloxane comprises a copolymer.
13. The polymeric material of claim 8 wherein the silanol-terminated polysiloxane comprises silanol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane.
14. The polymeric material of claim 1 which does not comprise silicone oil.
15. A method for making the polymeric material of claim 1 comprising reacting at least one silane-functional hydrophilic component with at least one fluorine-containing silanol-terminated polysiloxane under conditions to yield a polymeric material.
16. The method of claim 15 further comprising reacting a non-fluorine-containing silanol-terminated polysiloxane with the at least one silane-functional hydrophilic component and the at least one fluorine-containing silanol-terminated polysiloxane.
17. A method for making an amphiphilic polymeric material comprising reacting at least one vinyl functionalized fluorine-containing polysiloxane, at least one vinyl functionalized hydrophilic component, and at least one hydride functionalized polysiloxane, under conditions to yield a polymeric material.
18. A method for making a silanol-terminated polysiloxane comprising subjecting a cyclic siloxane to anionic ring-opening miniemulsion polymerization under conditions to yield a silanol-terminated polysiloxane.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the silanol-terminated polysiloxane comprises an amphiphilic copolymer comprising at least one hydrophilic group at least one fluorine-containing group.
20. A polymeric material formed by reacting the amphiphilic silanol-terminated polysiloxane produced by the method of claim 19 with polydimethylsiloxane.
21. A method of protecting the surface of a substrate comprising coating the substrate surface with the polymeric material of claim 1 .
22. A method of facilitating the removal of a biofilm or marine organism from a substrate surface comprising coating the surface with a polymeric material of claim 1 .