Flexible and/or elastic brachytherapy seed or strand
A flexible or elastic brachytherapy strand that includes an imaging marker and/or a therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic agent such as a drug in a biocompatible carrier that can be delivered to a subject upon implantation into the subject through the bore of a brachytherapy implantation needle has been developed. Strands can be formed as chains or continuous arrays of seeds up to 50 centimeters or more, with or without spacer material, flaccid, rigid, or flexible.
1. A seed, for implantation into a subject, comprising: a marker component configured to allow for the determination of the position of the seed within a target tissue, the marker component having a length extending along a centerline of the marker component between a first end and a second end and having a substantially continuous wall bounding a hollow interior; and a therapeutic, prophylactic, and/or diagnostic agent, wherein the agent is disposed within the hollow interior; wherein the length of the marker component is greater than the diameter of the hollow interior and wherein the substantially continuous wall includes at least one opening adapted to allow the agent to pass out of the hollow interior.
2. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the marker component has a maximum length of 10 mm.
3. The seed according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the marker component and the agent is imageable.
4. The seed according to claim 3 wherein the marker component is imageable.
5. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the marker component comprises one or more structures that resist migration of the seed from the site of implantation, one or more biodegradable structures effective to maintain orientation in tissue, one or more compliant setal or hair structures which impart adhesive properties upon implantation into a target tissue, or combinations thereof.
6. The seed according to claim 5 wherein the marker component comprises one or more structures that resist migration of the seed from the site of implantation, one or more biodegradable structures effective to maintain orientation in tissue or combinations thereof.
7. The seed of claim 6 , wherein the structures to maintain location or orientation comprise a smart polymer, a shape memory polymer, or other substrate to achieve configuration modification.
8. The seed according to claim 6 wherein the structure includes an anchor.
9. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the marker component comprises a biocompatible component and the agent is dispersed in a coating on the biocompatible component.
10. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the agent is mixed together with the marker component.
11. The seed according to claim 10 wherein the marker component is biodegradable.
12. The seed according to claim 11 wherein the marker component is configured to degrade over time at the implantation site and release the agent by controlling the rate of degradation and/or release rate at the implantation site.
13. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the marker component comprises a coil.
14. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the at least one opening comprises a plurality of pores.
15. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the target tissue includes a cancer or a lumpectomy site.
16. The seed according to claim 1 wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of an anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, cytostatic, antibiotic, anti-neoplastic, vasodilator, anti-viral, immunosuppressive, growth factor, pro-agent, hormone, radiotherapeutic, radiopaque, peptide, protein, enzyme, or combinations thereof.
17. A seed comprising a marker component and a therapeutic, prophylactic, and/or diagnostic agent, the agent, marker, or both, being imageable, the marker component having a length extending along a centerline of the marker component between a first end and a second end and having a substantially continuous wall along the length, the substantially continuous wall bounding a hollow interior and at least partially enveloping the agent within the hollow interior, and wherein the length of the marker component is greater than an average diameter of the hollow interior and the substantially continuous wall includes at least one opening adapted to allow the agent to pass out of the hollow interior.
18. The seed according to claim 17 , wherein the marker component comprises an imageable substrate and the agent is dispersed in a coating on the substrate.
19. The seed according to claim 17 , wherein the marker component comprises a substrate comprising a biodegradable material further comprising the agent.
20. A seed comprising: a marker component configured to mark the position of the seed in a target tissue, the marker component comprising a tube having open ends, and having a substantially continuous wall bounding a hollow interior; and a therapeutic, prophylactic, and/or diagnostic agent, wherein the agent is disposed within the hollow interior of the tube, and wherein the open ends facilitate passing of the agent out of the hollow interior of the tube to the environment surrounding the seed; and wherein the seed further comprises a plurality of openings that extend through the wall, and wherein the plurality of openings facilitate the passing of the agent out of the hollow interior of the tube into the surrounding tissue.