Hot drape forming by means of a stiffness controlled vacuum bag
An apparatus and a method of conforming a blank onto forming surface sections of a forming tool by drawing a first vacuum against an elastic forming medium for transmitting forming forces from the elastic forming medium to the blank. The elastic forming medium is evacuated with the first vacuum for allowing the elastic forming medium to stretch and conform the blank to the forming surface sections. The elastic forming medium includes at least one void. A second vacuum is applied to the void for achieving a stiffened section of the elastic forming medium corresponding with the location of the void and corresponding with, when the elastic forming medium after the completion lies against the forming tool having the blank in between, a forming surface section of the forming tool where the blank requires a forming force being larger than that of surrounding sections of the elastic forming medium.
1. A method of conforming a blank onto forming surface sections of a forming tool by drawing a first vacuum against an elastic forming medium for transmitting forming forces from the elastic forming medium to the blank, the method comprising:
applying the blank to the forming tool;
enclosing the blank within the elastic forming medium, wherein the elastic forming medium comprises at least one void;
evacuating the elastic forming medium with the first vacuum for allowing the elastic forming medium to stretch and conform the blank to the forming surface sections;
applying a second vacuum to the at least one void in the elastic forming medium to achieve at least one stiffened section of the elastic forming medium corresponding with a location of the at least one void in the elastic forming medium and corresponding with a forming surface section of the forming tool at which the blank requires application of a forming force on the blank larger than a forming force on the blank of surrounding sections of the forming tool when the elastic forming medium lies against the blank and the blank lies against the forming tool after completion of the evacuation; and
removing the formed blank, constituting an article, from the forming tool after completion of the evacuation.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein applying the second vacuum to said at least one void precedes evacuating the elastic forming medium with the first vacuum.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at the at least one void of the elastic forming medium comprises an upper elastic membrane and a lower elastic membrane separable from each other, thereby creating the at least one void for enclosing at least one vacuum conveyor being connected to a vacuum source creating the second vacuum.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the vacuum conveyor is elongated.
5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the upper elastic membrane is stiffer than the lower elastic membrane.
6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
heating the blank to increase viscosity of the bland prior to evacuating the elastic forming medium.
7. The method according to, claim 1 , wherein the forming tool comprises at least one supporting wall arranged for supporting the elastic forming medium such that the elastic forming medium is held a distance from the forming surface section before evacuating the elastic forming medium.