Compounds, compositions and methods for treating or preventing pneumovirus infection and associated diseases

1. A method for preparing an anti-viral pharmaceutical formulation for pulmonary delivery to a patient in need of same, which method comprises forming an aerosolized solution of said anti-viral formulation by electrohydrodynamic spraying, wherein said anti-viral formulation comprises a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having the formula:

wherein:

R 1 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of

—NR 5 R 6 , —SO 2 NR 7 R 8 , hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, polyhydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkoxy, polyfluoroalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, R 9 , —OR 9 ,

and HET; n being an integer from 1 to 4;

R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of straight or branched chain alkyl and hydrogen;

R 4 is a radical selected from the group consisting of a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl radical, an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic radical, and —NR 12 R 13 ;

R 5 and R 7 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl, aralkyl, R 9 , —(C═O)R 14 and —(C═O)R 9 ;

R 6 , R 8 , R 12 , and R 13 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, polyfluoroalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl, aralkyl, R 9 , —(C═O)R 15 and —(C═O)R 9 ;

or R 5 and R 6 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic radical, said heterocyclic radical optionally containing one to two additional heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;

or R 7 and R 8 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic radical, said heterocyclic radical optionally containing one to two additional heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur;

said phenyl and heterocyclic radical substituents being at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl, amino, hydroxy, carbonyl, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, halogen, and alkoxy;

R 9 is a radical of the formula —W—O(C═O)—CH 3 , W being a straight- or branched-chain alkylene group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

R 10 and R 11 are radicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, and polyfluoroalkyl;

HET represents an unsubstituted or substituted five to seven membered heterocyclic ring containing one to four heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, whereby the point of attachment to the heterocyclic ring is not at a nitrogen atom, said heterocyclic ring substituents being one or more radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, amino, hydroxy, carbonyl, oxo, monoalkylamino, and dialkylamino, and wherein HET is other than pyridine when R 1 is in the 4-position;

R 14 is a hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or cycloalkyl group;

R 15 is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or cycloalkyl group.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the following formula:

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the following formula:

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of the following:

2,2′-[[3-(2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]benzeneethanol, acetate ester;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]benzeneethanol;

2,2′-[[3-(4-Morpholinyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-(1-Piperidinyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]-N,N-bis(methoxyethyl)benzenesulfonamide;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]-N-(hydroxyethyl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]benzenepropanol;

2,2′-[[3-(4-Morpholinylsulfonyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-(Methoxyethoxy)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[[3-Bis(phenylmethyl)amino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]phenoxyethanol, acetate ester;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]-N-(acetoxyethyl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide;

3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]phenoxyethanol;

2-Hydroxy-N-[[3-[bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-N-(methylethyl)acetamide;

2-(Acetyloxy)-N-[3-[[bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-N-propylacetamide;

2,2′-[[3-[1-(4-Methylpiperazinyl)methyl]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-(Diethylaminomethyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-(Dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[4-(Morpholinyl)methyl]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2-(Acetyloxy)-N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-2-methylpropanamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-2-methoxyacetamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-cyclopropanecarboxamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-N-(butylsulfonyl)butane sulfonamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfonyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethane sulfonamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propanamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-N-(propylsulfonyl)propane sulfonamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-N-(3-chloropropylsulfonyl)-3-chloropropane sulfonamide;

2-(Acetyloxy)-N-[3-[[bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]phenyl]acetamide;

N-[3-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]-N-(methylsulfonyl)methane sulfonamide;

2,2′-[[3-[2-(1,1-Dioxide-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro)isothiazolyl]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2-Hydroxy-N-[3-[[bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxylphenyl]methylene]phenyl]acetamide;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[1-(4-Hydroxypiperidinyl)]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-N-methylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(4-Acetoxybutyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)-N-methylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-N-propyllamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)-N-propylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[3-[N-(6-Hydroxyhexyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol; and

2,2′-[[3-[N-(5-Hydroxypentyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of the following:

4-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]-N,N-bis(methoxyethyl)benzenesulfonamide;

4-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]benzeneethanol;

2,2′-[[4-(4-Morpholinylsulfonyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

2,2′-[[4-(4-Morpholinyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol;

4-[[Bis[[5-(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]-2-hydroxyphenyl]methylene]benzeneethanol, acetate ester; and

2,2′-[[4-(1-Piperidinyl)phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the following formula:

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the following formula:

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the name 2,2′-[[3-[N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the name 2,2′-[[3-N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has the name 2,2′-[[3-[N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-N-ethylamino]phenyl]methylene]bis[4-[[(5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)imino]methyl]]phenol.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-viral formulation further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-viral formulation further comprises at least one supplemental active agent selected from the group consisting of interferons, ribavirin and immunomodulators, immunoglobulins, anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics, anti-virals and anti-infectives.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises ethanol.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises propylene glycol.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises water.

16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises at least 60% ethanol.

17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises at least 70% ethanol.

18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises at least 80% ethanol.

19. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises at least 90% ethanol.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises less than 5% water.

21. The method of claim 11 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises ethanol, water, and propylene glycol.

22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium comprises about 85% ethanol, about 10% propylene glycol, and about 5% water.