Enhanced barrier for liquid metal bearings
The present disclosure is directed towards the prevention of high voltage instabilities within X-ray tubes. For example, in one embodiment, an X-ray tube is provided. The X-ray tube generally includes a stationary member, and a rotary member configured to rotate with respect to the stationary member during operation of the X-ray tube. The X-ray tube also includes a liquid metal bearing material disposed in a space between the shaft and the sleeve, a seal disposed adjacent to the space to seal the liquid metal bearing material in the space, and an enhanced surface area material disposed on a side of the seal axially opposite the space and configured to trap within the enhanced surface area material liquid metal bearing material that escapes the seal.
1. An X-ray tube comprising:
a stationary member;
a rotary member configured to rotate with respect to the stationary member during operation of the X-ray tube;
a liquid metal bearing material disposed in a space between the stationary member and the rotary member;
a first seal disposed adjacent to the space to seal the liquid metal bearing material in the space; and
a first structure comprising a first enhanced surface area material disposed on a side of the first seal axially opposite the space and configured to trap within the first enhanced surface area material liquid metal bearing material that escapes the first seal, wherein the first structure is physically separate from the first seal, and an entirety of the first structure is disposed about the stationary member axially offset along a longitudinal axis of the stationary member from an entirety of the rotary member.
2. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , comprising a second seal disposed at an end of the space, and a second structure comprising a second enhanced surface area material disposed on a side of the second seal opposite the space to trap within the second enhanced surface area material liquid metal bearing material that escapes the second seal.
3. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , wherein the the first structure comprises an annular ring.
4. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material comprises a porous material.
5. The X-ray tube of claim 4 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material comprises a metal wool, a sintered metal, or a metal foam.
6. The X-ray tube of claim 4 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material comprises a graphite-based material.
7. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material is secured to the rotary member.
8. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , wherein the first structure is secured to the stationary member.
9. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , wherein the first structure contacts both the stationary member and the rotary member.
10. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material comprises a material selected for enhanced wettability by the liquid metal bearing material.
11. The X-ray tube of claim 10 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material comprises at least one of gold, copper, or nickel.
12. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material is reactive with the liquid metal bearing material.
13. The X-ray tube of claim 1 , comprising a surface material disposed over at least a portion of the first enhanced surface area material and configured to provide enhanced wettability by the liquid metal bearing material.
14. An X-ray tube comprising:
a stationary member;
a rotary member configured to rotate with respect to the stationary member during operation of the X-ray tube;
a liquid metal bearing material disposed in a space between the stationary member and the rotary member;
a first seal disposed adjacent to a first end of the space to seal the liquid metal bearing material in the space;
a second seal disposed adjacent to a second end of the space to seal the liquid metal bearing material in the space;
a first ring disposed adjacent to the first seal and made of a first enhanced surface area material to trap within the first ring liquid metal bearing material that escapes the first seal, wherein the first ring is physically separate from the first seal, and an entirety of the first ring is disposed about the stationary member axially offset along a longitudinal axis of the stationary member from an entirety of the rotary member; and
a second ring disposed adjacent to the second seal and made of a second enhanced surface area material to trap within the second ring liquid metal bearing material that escapes the second seal, wherein the second ring is physically separate from the second seal.
15. A method for making an X-ray tube, comprising:
disposing a sleeve about a shaft;
disposing a liquid metal bearing material in a space between the sleeve and the shaft;
disposing a first seal adjacent to at least one end of the space to seal the liquid metal bearing material in the space; and
disposing a first structure comprising a first enhanced surface area material adjacent to the first seal to trap within the first enhanced surface area material liquid metal bearing material that escapes the first seal, wherein the first structure is physically separate from the first seal, and an entirety of the first structure is disposed about the shaft axially offset along a longitudinal axis of the shaft from an entirety of the sleeve.
16. The method of claim 15 , comprising disposing a second seal at an end of the space, and disposing a second structure comprising a second enhanced surface area material on a side of the second seal opposite the space to trap within the second enhanced surface area material liquid metal bearing material that escapes the second seal.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the first structure comprises an annular ring.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the first enhanced surface area material comprises a porous material.
19. A method for making an X-ray tube, comprising:
in an X-ray tube comprising a rotary member disposed about a stationary member, a liquid metal bearing material in a space between the rotary member and the stationary member, and a seal disposed adjacent to at least one end of the space to seal the liquid metal bearing material in the space, disposing a structure comprising an enhanced surface area material adjacent to the seal to trap within the enhanced surface area material liquid metal bearing material that escapes the seal, wherein the structure is physically separate from the seal, and an entirety of the structure is disposed about the stationary member axially offset along a longitudinal axis of the stationary member from an entirety of the rotary member.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the structure comprises an annular ring.