Filter, filter element, fastening housing part of a filter housing and telescopic switching element of a switching device of a releasable detent connection

1. A filter ( 10 ) for filtering fluids, comprising:

a filter housing ( 12 ), comprising:

at least two housing parts ( 14 , 16 ; 514 ), and

a filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) which by means of a releasable detent connection ( 20 ) is attached in one of the housing parts that acts as a fastening housing part ( 14 ; 14 ) for the filter element ( 18 ; 518 );

wherein the detent connection ( 20 ) comprises

at least two interacting detent components ( 32 , 36 ), and one of the detent components ( 32 ) is connected with the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) and one of the detent components ( 36 ) with the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ); and

at least one of the detent components comprises

at least one detent means ( 32 ) and

one of the detent components ( 36 ) includes a recess ( 38 ) corresponding with the detent means ( 32 ), in which recess the detent means ( 32 ) hooks in a bayonet-like manner, and the recess ( 38 ) comprises the following areas:

a locking area ( 40 ) for receiving the detent means ( 32 ) while the housing parts ( 14 , 16 ; 514 ) are connected;

a retaining area ( 42 ) for receiving the detent means ( 32 ) during opening of the filter housing ( 12 );

a translation area ( 44 ) for releasing the detent means ( 32 ) in the recess ( 38 ); and

an insertion/removal area ( 46 ) for resistance-free joining and separating of detent means ( 32 ) and recess ( 38 );

wherein a switching device ( 58 ; 558 ) comprises

at least two corresponding switching components ( 60 , 78 ; 560 );

wherein one of the switching components ( 60 ; 560 ) is connected with the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) and

wherein one of the switching components ( 62 ; 562 ) is connected with the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ); and

one of the switching components ( 60 ; 560 ) has at least one switching lug ( 76 ; 576 ) extending radially relative to a rotation/insertion axis ( 30 ; 530 ) of the filter ( 10 ); and

one of the switching components ( 62 ; 562 ) comprises

a switching guide ( 78 ; 578 ) for guiding the switching lug ( 76 ; 576 ) such that the switching guide ( 78 ; 578 ), upon an impulse-like relative axial movement of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) in a direction toward the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ), guides the switching lug ( 76 ; 576 ) and thereby effects a rotation of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) relative to the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 114 ) around the rotation/insertion axis ( 30 ; 530 ) for moving the detent means ( 32 ) from the insertion/removal area ( 46 ) into the locking area ( 40 ) or from the retaining area ( 42 ) into the insertion/removal area ( 46 ), depending on the position of the detent means ( 32 ) in the recess ( 38 ) before effecting the axial movement.

2. The filter according to claim 1 , wherein

the switching guide ( 78 ; 578 ) is embodied as a switching sleeve ( 62 ; 562 ) that in circumferential direction has a succession of progressing switching teeth ( 80 ; 580 ) or angled guide members ( 182 ).

3. The filter according to claim 1 , wherein

the switching device ( 58 ; 558 ) includes at least one elastic element embodied as a spiral compression spring ( 84 ; 584 ) realizing a pre-tension between the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) and the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ).

4. The filter according to claim 3 , wherein

one of the switching components has a telescopic switching element ( 60 ; 560 ) comprising

a stationary cylinder ( 64 ; 164 ; 264 ); and

a dipping cylinder ( 70 ; 170 ; 270 ), between which the elastic element ( 84 ; 584 ) is acting and which can be pushed into each other, for insertion of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) into the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ), with realization of a pre-tension of the elastic element ( 84 ; 584 ).

5. The filter according to claim 4 , wherein

the telescopic switching element ( 560 ) comprises

a releasable locking mechanism ( 559 ) which is activated in a basic state and blocks pushing together the telescopic switching element ( 560 ); and

the other switching component ( 562 ) comprises

at least one release element ( 583 ) which is adapted to the locking mechanism ( 559 ) such that the release element ( 583 ) deactivates the locking mechanism ( 559 ) when joining the telescopic switching element ( 560 ) and the other switching component ( 562 ).

6. The filter according to claim 5 , wherein

at an end face of the filter element ( 18 ) a ring seal ( 86 ; 186 ) is fastened sealing relative to the filter housing ( 12 ) and is moveable relative to the filter element ( 18 ) in axial direction relative to the rotation/insertion axis ( 30 ).

7. A filter element, comprising:

a detent component ( 32 ) that is adapted to form a releasable detent connection ( 20 ) with a detent component ( 36 ), which is connected with a fastening housing part ( 14 ) of a filter housing ( 12 );

wherein one of the detent components comprises

at least one detent means ( 32 ); and

one of the detent components ( 36 ) includes a recess ( 38 ) corresponding with the detent means ( 32 ), in which recess the detent means ( 32 ) hooks in a bayonet-like manner;

wherein the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) comprises

a switching component ( 62 ; 562 ) that is adapted to interact with a switching component ( 60 ; 560 ) of the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) such that a switching device ( 58 ; 558 ) embodied with the switching components ( 60 , 62 ; 562 , 562 ) upon an impulse-like relative axial movement of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) in a direction toward the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) effects a rotation of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) relative to the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) around the rotation/insertion axis ( 30 ; 530 ) of the filter ( 10 ) for moving the detent means ( 32 ) in the recess ( 38 ), depending on the position of the detent means ( 32 ) in the recess ( 38 ) before effecting the axial movement.

8. The filter element according to claim 7 , wherein

a ring seal ( 86 ; 186 ) is arranged on an end face of the filter element ( 18 ) for sealing relative to the filter housing ( 12 ), which ring seal is moveable axially relative to the filter element ( 18 ).

9. The filter element according to claim 8 , wherein

the filter element includes at least one release element ( 583 ) which is adapted to deactivate a releasable locking mechanism ( 559 ) of a telescopic switching element ( 560 ) of the switching device ( 558 ) upon installation of the filter element ( 518 ) into the fastening housing part ( 514 ).

10. A fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) of a filter housing ( 12 ) of a filter ( 10 ), comprising:

a detent component ( 36 ) which, with a detent component ( 32 ), which is adapted, connected with a filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) of the filter ( 10 ), to form a releasable detent connection ( 20 );

wherein at least one of the detent components comprises

at least one detent means ( 32 ) and

one the detent components ( 36 ) includes a recess corresponding with the detent means ( 32 ), in which recess the detent means ( 32 ) hooks in a bayonet-like manner;

wherein the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) comprises

a switching component ( 62 ; 562 ) includes at least one switching lug ( 76 ; 576 ) adapted to be guided within a switching guide ( 78 ; 578 ) and adapted to interact with a switching component ( 60 ; 560 ) of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) such that a switching device ( 58 ; 558 ) embodied of the switching components ( 60 , 62 ; 560 , 562 ), upon an impulse-like relative axial movement of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) in a direction toward the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ), causes a rotation of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) relative to the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) around a rotation/insertion axis ( 30 ; 530 ) of the filter ( 10 ) for moving the detent means ( 32 ) in the recess ( 38 ), depending on the position of the detent means ( 32 ) in the recess ( 38 ) before effecting the axial movement.

11. A telescopic switching element ( 60 ; 560 ) of a switching device ( 58 ; 558 ) of a releasable detent connection ( 20 ) fastening a filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) in a fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) of a filter ( 10 ) for filtering fluids, wherein

the telescopic switching element ( 60 ; 560 ) is adapted to be connected with the filter element or with the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ); and

wherein the telescopic switching element ( 60 ; 560 ) has a hollow stationary cylinder ( 64 ; 564 ) and a coaxial dipping cylinder ( 70 ; 570 ), the hollow stationary cylinder ( 64 ; 564 ) is open on one end face, and with the dipping cylinder ( 70 ; 570 ) arranged within the hollow stationary cylinder ( 64 ; 564 ) coaxially and axially movable, and that the telescope element ( 60 ; 560 ) has at least one switching lug ( 76 ; 576 ) that extends radially relative to the rotation/Insertion axis ( 30 ; 530 ) of the filter ( 10 ) and is adapted to be guided within a switching guide ( 78 ; 578 ), appropriately connected with the fastening housing part or with the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ), such that the switching guide ( 78 ; 578 ), upon an impulse-like relative axial movement of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) in a direction toward the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ), guides the switching lug ( 76 ; 576 ) and thereby causes a rotation of the filter element ( 18 ; 518 ) relative to the fastening housing part ( 14 ; 514 ) around the rotation/insertion axis ( 30 ; 530 ) for actuating the detent connection ( 20 ).

12. The telescope switching element according to claim 11 , wherein

the telescope switching element comprises a releasable locking mechanism ( 559 ) which is activated in a basic state and blocks pushing together the telescopic switching element ( 560 ), and which is matched to a release element ( 583 ), which accordingly is connected with the fastening housing part or with the filter element ( 518 ), such that the release element ( 583 ) upon installation of the filter element ( 518 ) in the fastening housing part ( 514 ) deactivates the locking mechanism ( 559 ).