Catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbons
One embodiment is a catalyst for catalytic reforming of naphtha. The catalyst can have a noble metal including one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium, an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, a lanthanide-series metal, and a support. Generally, an average bulk density of the catalyst is about 0.300 to about 1.00 gram per cubic centimeter. The catalyst has a platinum content of less than about 0.375 wt %, a tin content of about 0.1 to about 2 wt %, a potassium content of about 100 to about 600 wppm, and a cerium content of about 0.1 to about 1 wt %. The lanthanide-series metal can be distributed at a concentration of the lanthanide-series metal in a 100 micron surface layer of the catalyst less than two times a concentration of the lanthanide-series metal at a central core of the catalyst.
1. A reforming process, comprising:
a) charging a hydrocarbon feedstock and a hydrogen-rich gas to a reforming zone; and
b) contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock and the hydrogen rich gas in a reactor in the reforming zone wherein the catalyst comprises:
1) platinum;
2) potassium or lithium;
3) cerium; and
4) a support; wherein an average bulk density of the catalyst is about 0.300 to about 1.00 gram per cubic centimeter, a platinum content less than about 0.6 wt %, a potassium content of about 50 to about 1000 wppm, and a cerium content of about 0.05 to about 2 wt %.
2. The reforming process according to claim 1 , further comprising continuously regenerating the catalyst.
3. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the platinum content is about 0.25 wt %, the cerium content is about 0.6 wt % and the potassium content is about 300 wppm.
4. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the cerium content is about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt %, and the potassium content is about 300 to about 600 wppm.
5. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the cerium content is about about 0.25 wt %, and potassium content is about 100 to about 300 wppm.
6. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the cerium is distributed at a concentration of the cerium in a 100 micron surface layer of the catalyst less than about two times a concentration of the cerium at a central core of the catalyst.
7. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the average bulk density of the catalyst is about 0.550 to about 0.750 gram per cubic centimeter.
8. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a Group 14 metal of the Periodic Table.
9. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises tin.
10. The reforming process according to claim 9 , wherein the catalyst comprises no more than about 5%, by weight, tin.
11. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a halide.
12. The reforming process according to claim 11 , wherein the halide comprises chloride with a content of about 0.8 to about 1.2 wt %.
13. The reforming process according to claim 11 , wherein the halide comprises chloride with a content of about less than 1.1 wt %.
14. The reforming process according to claim 1 , wherein the support comprises an alumina.