Method for selectively depositing noble metals on metal/metal nitride substrates
A method for forming a noble metal layer by Plasma Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition (PE-ALD) is disclosed. The method includes providing a substrate in a PE-ALD chamber, the substrate comprising a first region having an exposed first material and a second region having an exposed second material. The first material comprises a metal nitride or a nitridable metal, and the second material comprises a non-nitridable metal or silicon oxide. The method further includes depositing selectively by PE-ALD a noble metal layer on the second region and not on the first region, by repeatedly performing a deposition cycle including (a) supplying a noble metal precursor to the PE-ALD chamber and contacting the noble metal precursor with the substrate in the presence of a carrier gas followed by purging the noble metal precursor, and (b) exposing the substrate to plasma while supplying ammonia and the carrier gas into the PE-ALD chamber.
1. A method for forming a noble metal layer by Plasma Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition (PE-ALD) comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate in a PE-ALD chamber, the substrate comprising a first region comprising an exposed first material and a second region comprising an exposed second material, wherein the first material comprises a metal nitride or a nitridable metal, and the second material comprises a non-nitridable metal or silicon oxide;
selective deposition by PE-ALD of a first noble metal layer on the second region comprising the exposed second material, wherein the deposited first noble metal layer is deposited on the exposed second material and comprises an exposed portion, wherein the selective deposition on the second region comprises repeatedly performing a deposition cycle comprising the following steps:
(a) supplying a noble metal precursor to the PE-ALD chamber and contacting the noble metal precursor with the substrate in the presence of a carrier gas followed by purging the noble metal precursor, and
(b) exposing the substrate to plasma in the PE-ALD chamber while supplying ammonia and the carrier gas into the PE-ALD chamber; and
after the selective deposition on the second region, performing a non-selective deposition by PE-ALD of a second noble metal layer on the second region and on the first region comprising the exposed first material, wherein the non-selective deposition on the second region and on the first region comprises non-selective deposition (i) on the exposed portion of the deposited first noble metal layer on the second region and (ii) on the exposed first material of the first region, wherein the non-selective deposition comprises repeatedly performing the deposition cycle, wherein at step (b) the ammonia is replaced by hydrogen (H 2 ).
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the deposition cycle is performed with step (a) as a first step followed by step (b).
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the deposition cycle is performed with step (b) as a first step followed by step (a).
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the non-selective deposition is performed after the selective deposition in the same PE-ALD chamber while the substrate is kept in the chamber.
5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising performing an additional plasma treatment of the substrate prior to the non-selective deposition of the noble metal layer.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the additional plasma treatment is a N 2 , H 2 or H 2 /H 2 plasma or inert gas plasma.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier gas is N 2 or a mixture of N 2 and an inert gas.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the non-nitridable metal comprises a noble metal or a transition metal belonging to group 11.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the transition metal belonging to group 11 is selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ag and Au.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the noble metal comprises Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir or Pt.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the noble metal is Ru or RuTa alloy.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal nitride comprises TiN, TaN or WN.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal nitride comprises further carbon or oxygen.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nitridable metals are selected from the group of Ti, Ta, W, Al and any mixtures or alloys thereof.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, during the deposition cycle, the PE-ALD chamber is continuously supplied with the carrier gas and one of ammonia or hydrogen.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the noble metal precursor is chosen from the group consisting of: bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)Me and bis(cyclopentadienyl)Me having one or more alkyl substituents.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein repeatedly performing the deposition cycle comprises performing the deposition cycle a plurality of times.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the selective deposition and the non-selective deposition is performed in one and the same deposition tool during the same deposition cycle by changing plasma composition while the substrate is kept in the chamber.