Test stand for the dynamic testing of an individual running gear component or of a complete axle system of a motor vehicle, and also a method for testing upon said test stand

1. A test stand for dynamic testing of an individual running gear component or of a complete axle system of a motor vehicle, the test stand comprising:

a test stand frame including a mounting area configured for mounting the complete axle system in the mounting area in a first installation direction;

a fastening device configured for fixed mounting of the individual running gear component on the fastening device in a second installation direction, the second installation direction being different from the first installation direction;

an actuator configured for dynamic excitation of both of the complete axle system and the individual running gear component, the actuator being configured to connect to the individual running gear component or the complete axle system in a region of a point of intersection of the first installation direction and the second installation direction; and

a pneumatic spring suspension configured for vibration damping of the test stand frame, the pneumatic spring suspension including pneumatic springs having a natural frequency that is switchable between a first natural frequency and a second natural frequency.

2. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein the fastening device is disposed adjacent to the mounting area.

3. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein the fastening device is disposed substantially above the mounting area.

4. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein the actuator is disposed adjacent to the mounting area and substantially below the fastening device.

5. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein at least a section of the actuator, along a longitudinal direction of the actuator, is encompassed by the test stand frame.

6. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to carry out excitation of both the individual running gear component and the complete axle system in a vertical direction.

7. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to carry out excitation of both the individual running gear component and the complete axle system, the excitation having components that lie in a plane that is parallel to the mounting area.

8. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to generate an excitation frequency of 0.001 Hz to 100 Hz.

9. The test stand recited in claim 1 , wherein the fastening device includes a crosshead configured to connect to an end section of the individual running gear component.

10. The test stand recited in claim 9 , wherein the crosshead is height adjustable with respect to the actuator.

11. The test stand recited in claim 9 , wherein the crosshead has a natural frequency that is higher than a highest test frequency of the test stand.

12. The test stand recited in claim 11 , wherein the actuator is a servo-hydraulic pulser.

13. A method for dynamic testing of an individual running gear or of a complete axle system on a test stand, the method comprising:

providing the test stand with a test stand frame having a mounting area configured for mounting the complete axle system, a fastening device configured for fixed mounting of the individual gear component on the fastening and an actuator configured for dynamic excitation of both of the complete axle system and the individual gear component;

providing the test stand with a pneumatic spring suspension configured for vibration damping of the test stand frame, the pneumatic spring suspension including pneumatic springs having a natural frequency that is switchable between a first natural frequency and a second natural frequency;

mounting one of:

the complete axle system on the mounting area of the test stand frame with the complete axle system disposed in the mounting area in a first installation direction, or

the individual running gear component, by a fixed mounting, to the fastening device with the individual running gear component disposed in a second installation direction, the second installation direction being different from the first installation direction; and

dynamic exciting of the individual running gear component or of the complete axle system using the actuator, the actuator being connected to the individual running gear component or to the complete axle system in a region of a point of intersection of the first installation direction with the second installation direction.

14. The method for dynamic testing as recited in claim 13 , further comprising:

establishing a test frequency for the dynamic testing of the individual running gear component or of the complete axle system;

determining whether the test frequency is substantially identical to a first natural frequency of pneumatic springs of a pneumatic spring suspension of the test stand or is substantially identical to a second natural frequency of the pneumatic springs; and

establishing the second natural frequency for the pneumatic springs if the test frequency is substantially identical to the first natural frequency of the pneumatic springs and establishing the first natural frequency of the pneumatic springs if the test frequency is substantially identical to the second natural frequency of the pneumatic springs.