Method of purifying nanodiamond powder and purified nanodiamond powder
A method of purifying a nanodiamond powder includes preparing the nanodiamond powder, heating the nanodiamond powder at between 450° C. and 470° C. in an atmosphere including oxygen, performing a hydrochloric acid treatment on the heated nanodiamond powder, and performing a hydrofluoric acid treatment on the nanodiamond powder obtained after performing the hydrochloric acid treatment.
1. A method of purifying a nanodiamond powder comprising: preparing the nanodiamond powder;
heating the nanodiamond powder at between 450° C. and 470° C. in an atmosphere including oxygen to reduce a content of sp 2 carbon to less than 0.01 wt %;
after heating the nanodiamond powder to reduce the content of sp 2 carbon, performing a hydrochloric acid treatment on the heated nanodiamond powder; and
performing a hydrofluoric acid treatment on the nanodiamond powder obtained after the hydrochloric acid treatment,
wherein a content of S (sulfur), Fe (iron), Al (aluminum) and Si (silicon) is each reduced to less than 0.01 wt %.
2. The purification method according to claim 1 , further comprising performing a density gradient separation process to separate the nanodiamond powder according to one or more of particle size and number of particle clusters.
3. The purification method according to claim 1 , wherein the nanodiamond powder is heated isothermally at 460° C.
4. The purification method according to claim 1 , wherein heating is performed to remove sp 2 carbon from the powder, the hydrochloric acid treatment is performed to remove transition metals from the powder, and the hydrofluoric acid treatment is performed to remove aluminum and silicon from the powder.
5. The purification method according to claim 1 , wherein performing the hydrochloric acid treatment comprises treating with a first acid solution having a first acid consisting of hydrochloric acid, and wherein performing the hydrofluoric acid treatment comprises treating with a second acid solution having a second acid consisting of hydrofluoric acid.
6. The purification method according to claim 1 , wherein heating the nanodiamond powder in the atmosphere including oxygen comprises at least one of: (i) heating in an atmosphere that is air, and (ii) heating in an atmosphere where the oxygen is O 2 .
7. The purification method according to claim 1 , comprising: preparing a nanodiamond powder; removing sp2 carbon from the powder by oxidization; removing transition metals by using a hydrochloric acid treatment; and removing aluminum and silicon by using a hydrofluoric acid treatment.
8. The purification method according to claim 1 , wherein the content of S, Fe, Al, and Si in the resulting purified nanodiamond powder is each less than 0.01 wt % as determined by EDAX spectra.
9. The purification method of claim 1 , wherein the content of W (tungsten), Ta (tantalum), Cr (chromium), Mn (manganese), Ag (silver), Ca (calcium), Cu (copper), and Ti (titanium) in the resulting purified nanodiamond powder is each less than 0.01 wt %, as determined by EDAX spectra.
10. The purification method of claim 1 , wherein, as determined by EDAX spectra, peaks for carbon and oxygen are observed, and peaks for S (sulfur), W (tungsten), Ta (tantalum), Fe (iron), Cr (chromium), Mn (manganese), Al (aluminum), Ag (silver), Ca (calcium), Cu (copper), Ti (titanium), and Si (silicon) are not substantially observed.