Capture purification processes for proteins expressed in a non-mammalian system
Methods of purifying proteins expressed in non-mammalian expression systems in a non-native soluble form directly from cell lysate are disclosed. Methods of purifying proteins expressed in non-mammalian expression systems in a non-native limited solubility form directly from a refold solution are also disclosed. Resin regeneration methods are also provided.
1. A method of purifying a protein expressed in a non-native soluble form in a non-mammalian expression system comprising:
(a) lysing a non-mammalian cell in which the protein is expressed in a non-native soluble form to generate a cell lysate;
(b) contacting the cell lysate with a separation matrix under conditions suitable for the protein to associate with the separation matrix;
(c) washing the separation matrix; and
(d) eluting the protein from the separation matrix, wherein the separation matrix is an affinity resin selected from the group consisting of Protein A, Protein G and a synthetic mimetic affinity resin.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protein is a complex protein.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the complex protein is selected from the group consisting of a multimeric protein, an antibody and an Fc fusion protein.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-mammalian expression system comprises bacteria or yeast cells.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cell lysate is filtered before it is contacted with the separation matrix.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising refolding the protein to its native form after it is eluted.
7. A method of purifying a protein expressed in a non-native limited solubility form in a non-mammalian expression system comprising:
(a) expressing a protein in a non-native limited solubility form in a non-mammalian cell;
(b) lysing a non-mammalian cell;
(c) solubilizing the expressed protein in a solubilization solution comprising one or more of the following:
(i) a denaturant;
(ii) a reductant; and
(iii) a surfactant;
(d) forming a refold solution comprising the solubilization solution and a refold buffer, the refold buffer comprising one or more of the following:
(i) a denaturant;
(ii) an aggregation suppressor;
(iii) a protein stabilizer; and
(iv) a redox component;
(e) directly applying the refold solution to a separation matrix under conditions suitable for the protein to associate with the matrix;
(f) washing the separation matrix; and
(g) eluting the protein from the separation matrix, wherein the separation matrix is a non-affinity resin selected from the group consisting of ion exchange, mixed mode, and a hydrophobic interaction resin.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the non-native limited solubility form is a component of an inclusion body.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the protein is a complex protein.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the complex protein is selected from the group consisting of a multimeric protein, an antibody, a peptibody, and an Fc fusion protein.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the non-mammalian expression system is bacteria or yeast cells.
12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the denaturant of the solubilization solution or the refold buffer comprises one or more of urea, guanidinium salts, dimethyl urea, methylurea and ethylurea.
13. The method of claim 7 , wherein the reductant comprises one or more of cysteine, dithiothreitol (DTT), beta-mercaptoethanol and glutathione.
14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the surfactant comprises one or more of sarcosyl and sodium dodecylsulfate.
15. The method of claim 7 , wherein the aggregation suppressor is selected from the group consisting of arginine, proline, polyethylene glycols, non-ionic surfactants, ionic surfactants, polyhydric alcohols, glycerol, sucrose, sorbitol, glucose, Tris, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate and osmolytes.
16. The method of claim 7 , wherein the protein stabilizer comprises one or more of arginine, proline, polyethylene glycols, non-ionic surfactants, ionic surfactants, polyhydric alcohols, glycerol, sucrose, sorbitol, glucose, tris, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate and osmolytes.
17. The method of claim 7 , wherein the redox component comprises one or more of glutathione-reduced, glutathione-oxidized, cysteine, cystine, cysteamine, cystamine and beta-mercaptoethanol.
18. The method of claim 1 or 7 , further comprising the step of washing the separation matrix with a regeneration reagent.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the regeneration reagent is one of a strong base or a strong acid.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the strong acid is phosphoric acid.
21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the strong base is sodium hydroxide.
22. The method of claim 18 , wherein the regenerating comprises washing the separation matrix with a solution comprising one or both of a chaotrope present at a concentration of 4-6 M and a reductant.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the chaotrope is one of urea, dimethyl urea, methylurea, ethylurea, and guanidinium.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the reductant is one of cysteine, dithiothreitol (DTT), beta-mercaptoethanol and glutathione.
25. The method of claim 18 , wherein the regenerating comprises washing the separation matrix with a solution comprising 50 mM Tris, 10 mM citrate, 6 M urea, 50 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) at pH 7.4.