Plate heat exchanger, method for its production, and its use
The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger composed of a plurality of plates ( 1 ), preferably made from sintered ceramic material, in which fluid-flow guide channels ( 2 ) are formed as a system of channels in such a way that a substantially meandering profile of the fluid flow is obtained over the surface area of the respective plate, the side walls ( 3 ) of the guide channels ( 2 ) having a plurality of apertures ( 4 ), which lead to turbulence of the fluid flow. The invention also relates to a method for the production of such a plate heat exchanger, in particular by a diffusion welding process in which the plates are joined to form a seamless monolithic block. The plate heat exchanger according to the invention is suitable in particular for applications at high temperatures and/or with corrosive media, and also as reactors.
1. A plate heat exchanger comprising a plurality of plates ( 1 ), the plates comprising:
a sintered ceramic material, and
fluid-flow guide channels ( 2 ) having a series of side walls ( 3 ) formed as webs,
wherein the guide channels have mirror symmetry,
wherein the side walls ( 3 ) form a meandering profile of fluid flow over the surface area of a respective plate, the side walls ( 3 ) each have a plurality of apertures ( 4 ), which lead to turbulence of the fluid flow, and the side walls ( 3 ) are positioned as supporting points for the plates to avoid deformation and prevent plate rupture, and
wherein at least two plates ( 1 ) are stacked and integrally joined as a seamless monolithic block.
2. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sintered ceramic material further comprises a material selected from the group consisting of
sintered silicon carbide (SSiC), fiber reinforced silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and combinations thereof.
3. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the sintered ceramic material further comprises at least sintered silicon carbide with a bimodal grain size distribution,
the sintered silicon carbide having a threshold of 35% volume of further substance components.
4. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the sintered silicon carbide with a bimodal grain size distribution comprising 50 to 90% by volume prismatic, platelet-shaped SiC crystallites of a length of from 100 to 1500 μm and 10 to 50% by volume prismatic, platelet-shaped SiC crystallites of a length of from 5 to less than 100 μm.
5. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fluid-flow guide channels ( 2 ) are connected to a first feed opening ( 5 ) and a first discharge opening ( 6 ) for a first fluid.
6. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the plate further comprises a second feed opening ( 7 ) and a second discharge opening ( 8 ) for a second fluid to supply a neighboring plate.
7. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , a plate of a first plate type comprising a system of channels for a first fluid and a neighboring plate of a second plate type comprising a system of channels for a second fluid.
8. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 7 , plates of the first plate type and plates of the second plate type being stacked on one another in any desired sequence.
9. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one plate of the plurality of plates comprises at least two separate systems of flow-guide channels for different fluids on opposing sides of the plate and having mirror symmetry, between which heat transfer is to take place.
10. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 9 , the different fluids being conducted in counterflow in separate flow-guide channels.
11. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , the plates ( 1 ) having a base thickness in the range of 0.2-20 mm.
12. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , the said side walls ( 3 ) of the said guide channels ( 2 ) having a height in the range of 0.2-30 mm.
13. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , the apertures ( 4 ) in the said side walls ( 3 ) of the guide channels ( 2 ) having a width in the range of 0.2-20 mm.
14. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , the plates ( 1 ) being stacked and connected to one another by means of peripheral seals.
15. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least two seamless monolithic blocks are connected to one another by means of peripheral seals.
16. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , also comprising a ceramic or metallic flanging system for the feed and discharge of fluids on the upper side and/or underside of the plate heat exchanger.
17. A method for the production of a plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , comprising the steps of stacking the plates ( 1 ), connecting the plates ( 1 ), and then integrally joining the plates ( 1 ) using peripheral seals.
18. A method for the production of a plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least two plates are stacked and integrally joined as a seamless monolithic block in a diffusion welding process in the presence of an inert gas atmosphere or in a vacuum at a temperature of at least 1600° C. and possibly with a load being applied.
19. The use of a plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 as a reactor, one or more reactor plates ( 9 ) being additionally provided between the plates ( 1 ), the reactor plates ( 9 ) having a separate system of guide channels from the plates ( 1 ).
20. The use as claimed in claim 19 , the reactor plates ( 9 ) containing parallel running fluid-flow guide channels, the said side walls of which do not have apertures.
21. The use as claimed in claim 19 , the system of channels formed in the reactor plates ( 9 ) making it possible for at least two initially separate fluid flows to be mixed.
22. The use as claimed in claim 19 , the reactor plates ( 9 ) being catalytically coated.
23. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said plates ( 1 ) having a base thickness of about 3 mm.
24. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said side walls ( 3 ) of the said guide channels ( 2 ) having a height in the range of 0.2-10 mm.
25. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said side walls ( 3 ) of the said guide channels ( 2 ) having a height in the range of 0.2-5 mm.
26. The plate heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said apertures ( 4 ) having a width in the range of 2-5 mm.