Electrolytic cell for ozone production
An electrolytic cell includes at least one free-standing diamond electrode and a second electrode, which may also be a free-standing diamond, separated by a membrane. The electrolytic cell is capable of conducting sustained current flows at current densities of at least about 1 ampere per square centimeter. A method of operating an electrolytic cell having two diamond electrodes includes alternately reversing the polarity of the voltage across the electrodes.
1. An electrolytic cell for producing ozone, the cell comprising:
a first electrode including a free-standing diamond material;
a second electrode spaced from the first electrode; and
a proton exchange membrane separating the first electrode and the second electrode, the proton exchange membrane being between the first electrode and the second electrode, the cell further comprising:
a cylindrical housing;
a first semi-circular frame member; and
a second semi-circular frame member,
wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the proton exchange membrane are sandwiched between the first semi-circular frame member and the second semi-circular frame member; and the first electrode, the second electrode, the proton exchange membrane, the first semi-circular frame member and the second semi-circular frame member are within the cylindrical housing.
2. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the second electrode includes a free-standing diamond material, and the cell is configured to reverse polarity between the first electrode and the second electrode.
3. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the free-standing diamond material includes boron doped diamond material.
4. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to receive water from a common source.
5. The cell according to claim 4 , wherein the cell is configured to split source water flow into a first water flow and a second water flow, the cell further comprising a first channel to supply the first water flow to the first electrode, the cell also comprising a second channel to supply the second water flow to the second electrode.
6. The cell according to claim 5 , wherein the cell is configured so that the first water flow and the second water flow are joined after at least one of the first water flow and the second water flow is provided with ozone.
7. The cell according to claim 6 , wherein the joined water flow is supplied to a chamber containing water, whereby the water within the chamber is purified by the ozone.
8. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the cell is configured to be installed within a pipe.
9. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the cell is free of a catholyte solution and a catholyte reservoir.
10. The cell according to claim 3 , wherein the free-standing diamond material includes boron doped diamond material with a thickness of between about 100 microns and about 700 microns.
11. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first semi-circular frame member and the second semi-circular frame member is configured to produce a compressive force on the first electrode, the second electrode, and the proton exchange membrane.
12. The cell according to claim 1 , wherein the free-standing diamond material has a first side, a second side opposite the first side, and a thickness of at least about 100 microns; the first electrode further comprising:
a current spreader coupled to the first side of the free-standing diamond material, the current spreader having an electrical contact and one of a mesh configuration and a frame configuration,
wherein the electrode is configured to conduct a sustained current density of at least about 1 ampere per square centimeter through the free-standing diamond material for several hours without degrading the electrical conduction capacity or ozone-producing capacity of the electrode.
13. The diamond electrode according to claim 12 , wherein the current spreader has a frame configuration.
14. The diamond electrode according to claim 12 , wherein the free-standing diamond material has a thickness of at least about 200 microns.