Zeolite-based SCR catalysts and their use in diesel engine emission treatment
A catalyst comprising a zeolite loaded with copper ions and at least one trivalent metal ion other than Al +3 , wherein the catalyst decreases NO x emissions in diesel exhaust. The trivalent metal ions are selected from, for example, trivalent transition metal ions, trivalent main group metal ions, and/or trivalent lanthanide metal ions. In particular embodiments, the catalysts are selected from Cu—Fe-ZSM5, Cu—La-ZSM-5, Fe—Cu—La-ZSM5, Cu—Sc-ZSM-5, and Cu—In-ZSM5. The catalysts are placed on refractory support materials and incorporated into catalytic converters.
1. A catalyst comprising a pentasil-containing zeolite loaded with copper ions and iron(III) ions, wherein said copper ions are present in said catalyst in a loading amount of at least 1.5 wt % and said iron(III) ions are present in said catalyst in a loading amount of less than 1 wt %, and said copper and iron loading amounts are effective to achieve a NO x conversion at 150° C. of at least 50% in the presence of a source of ammonia reductant.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said Fe(III) ions are in combination with at least one other trivalent metal ion.
3. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein said other trivalent metal ion is selected from trivalent transition metal ions.
4. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein said other trivalent metal ion is a trivalent lanthanide metal ion.
5. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein said other trivalent metal ion is a trivalent main group metal ion.
6. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said zeolite is ZSM-5.
7. A catalytic converter comprising a catalyst loaded onto a refractory substrate, said catalyst comprising a pentasil-containing zeolite loaded with copper ions and iron(III) ions, wherein said copper ions are present in said catalyst in a loading amount of at least 1.5 wt % and said iron(III) ions are present in said catalyst in a loading amount of less than 1 wt %, and said copper and iron loading amounts are effective to achieve a NO x conversion at 150° C. of at least 50% in the presence of a source of ammonia reductant.
8. The catalytic converter of claim 7 , wherein said Fe(III) ions are in combination with at least one other trivalent metal ion.
9. The catalytic converter of claim 8 , wherein said other trivalent metal ion is selected from trivalent transition metal ions.
10. The catalytic converter of claim 8 , wherein said other trivalent metal ion is a trivalent lanthanide metal ion.
11. The catalytic converter of claim 8 , wherein said other trivalent metal ion is a trivalent main group metal ion.
12. The catalytic converter of claim 7 , wherein said zeolite is ZSM-5.
13. The catalytic converter of claim 7 , wherein said refractory substrate is a honeycomb structure.
14. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said copper ions are present in said catalyst in a loading amount of at least 2 wt % and said iron(III) ions are present in said catalyst in a loading amount of less than 1 wt %.