Conveyor system, belt, and method for measuring and controlling static electricity
Conveying systems and method for detecting the presence of static electric charge on a conveyor. The conveyor system includes a conveyor with an outer conveying surface. Embedded or external static-electricity sensors make measurements of static electricity on the belt's conveying surface. A controller uses the measurements to control the level of electric charges on the belt by transferring charge to or from the belt.
1. A conveyor system comprising:
a conveyor conveying articles in a conveying direction and having a conveying surface supporting the articles being conveyed in the conveying direction;
a static-electricity detector mounted in the conveyor and operative to make measurements of the static electricity due to the electric charge of the conveyor;
a transmitter mounted in the conveyor;
a receiver external to the conveyor;
wherein the transmitter transmits the measurements received from the static-electricity detector to the receiver.
2. A conveyor system as in claim 1 wherein the static-electricity detector includes a probe mounted in the conveyor and connected to the static-electricity detector, wherein the probe responds to the static electricity on the conveying surface and sends a response to the static-electricity detector.
3. A conveyor system as in claim 2 wherein the probe responds to the electric field formed by the electric charge of the conveyor.
4. A conveyor system as in claim 2 wherein the probe responds to the voltage at the conveying surface caused by the electric charge.
5. A conveyor system as in claim 1 further comprising means for transferring electric charge to the conveying surface.
6. A conveyor system as in claim 5 wherein the means for transferring electric charge to the conveying surface comprises a stationary electrostatic generator contacting the conveyor.
7. A conveyor system as in claim 5 wherein the means for transferring electric charge to the conveying surface comprises a stationary rubbing surface that the conveyor engages in rubbing contact while advancing.
8. A conveyor system as in claim 7 wherein the rubbing surface is made of a first material and the conveyor is made of a second material and wherein the first and second materials are selected to charge the conveying surface to a preselected level.
9. A conveyor system as in claim 8 wherein the first and second materials are the same.
10. A conveyor system as in claim 8 wherein the first and second materials are different.
11. A conveyor system as in claim 7 further comprising an electrostatic generator and wherein the stationary rubbing surface is conductive and selectively connected to the electrostatic generator to charge the conveyor or to ground to discharge the conveyor.
12. A conveyor system as in claim 1 further comprising a grounded charge conductor contacting the conveyor to conduct electric charges from the conveying surface to ground.
13. A conveyor system as in claim 1 further comprising a first set of ungrounded rubbing surfaces movable into and out of contact with the conveyor and a second set of grounded, conductive rubbing surfaces movable into and out of contact with the conveyor.
14. A conveyor system as in claim 1 further comprising a conductive rubbing surface contacting the conveyor by modulating the grounding of the rubbing surface.
15. A conveyor system as in claim 14 further comprising a switch connected between the conductive rubbing surface and ground, wherein the switch is modulated open and closed to control the level of charge on the conveyor.
16. A conveyor system as in claim 14 further comprising a variable resistance connected between the conductive rubbing surface and ground, wherein the resistance is modulated to control the level of charge on the conveyor.
17. A conveyor system as in claim 1 further comprising a charge control system in contact with the conveyor to transfer electric charges to or from the conveying surface as a function of the measurements and a predetermined electric charge level.
18. A conveyor system as in claim 17 wherein the charge control system comprises a controller processing the measurements and means for transferring electric charge to the conveying surface, wherein the controller controls the means for transferring charge to the conveying surface to transfer charge as needed.
19. A conveyor system as in claim 17 wherein the charge control system comprises a controller processing the measurements and a charge conductor contacting the conveyor, wherein the controller controls the charge conductor to conduct electric charges from the conveying surface as needed.
20. A conveyor belt comprising:
a conveying surface for supporting articles;
a static-electricity detector operative to make measurements of the static electricity due to electric charges on the conveying surface;
a transmitter mounted in the conveyor belt to transmit the measurements received from the static-electricity detector.
21. A conveyor belt comprising:
a conveying surface for supporting articles;
a static-electricity detector operative to make measurements of the static electricity due to electric charges on the conveying surface;
wherein the static-electricity detector includes a probe mounted in the conveyor belt and connected to the static-electricity detector, wherein the probe responds to the static electricity on the conveying surface and sends a response to the static-electricity detector.
22. A conveyor belt as in claim 21 wherein the probe responds to the electric field formed by electric charges on the conveying surface.
23. A conveyor belt as in claim 21 wherein the probe responds to the voltage at the conveying surface caused by electric charges.
24. A conveyor belt as in claim 20 further comprising a conductive strip extending along the length of the conveyor belt.
25. A method for controlling the amount of charge on a conveyor, comprising:
making measurements of the amount of electric charge on a conveyor;
transmitting the measurements from a transmitter on the conveyor to an external receiver;
transferring electric charges to or from the conveyor as a function of the measurements.
26. The method of claim 25 comprising making measurements of the amount of electric charge by measuring an electric field formed by the electric charge.
27. The method of claim 25 comprising making measurements of the amount of electric charge by measuring a voltage on the conveyor caused by the electric charge.
28. The method of claim 25 comprising transferring electric charges to the conveyor by rubbing the conveyor against a rubbing surface.
29. The method of claim 25 comprising transferring electric charges to the conveyor from an electrostatic generator.
30. The method of claim 25 comprising transferring electric charges from the conveyor by selectively grounding the conveyor.
31. The method of claim 25 comprising transferring electric charges from the conveyor by modulating the resistance between the conveyor and ground.