Method for spreading fiber bundles, spread fiber sheet, and method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced sheet
The present invention has an object to provide a fiber-spreading method which can form a thin spread fiber sheet having a large and uniform spread width by uniformly distributing fibers of a fiber bundle having an increased number of fibers. Since a set of regions S i each including a pair of a fiber-spreading region A i and an expansion region B i are arranged in a movable region M set so that the fibers of the fiber bundle can move in the width direction, the fiber-spreading region A i moving the fibers in the width direction while bending the fibers by letting a fluid pass through the fiber bundle, thereby spreading the fiber bundle to a spread width W i (i=1, . . . , n), and the expansion region B i which is set on the upstream side in the feeding direction corresponding to the fiber-spreading region A i and in which the width of the fiber bundle expands toward the end with movement of the fibers in the width direction in the fiber-spreading region A i , by performing pre-spreading in which a movement phenomenon in the width direction caused by distribution of the fibers of the fiber bundle occurring in the fiber-spreading region A i is made to act on the expansion region B i on the upstream side, the fibers can be uniformly distributed in the fiber-spreading region A i and the spread width can be expanded to a predetermined width so as to make the thickness uniform.
1. A method for spreading fiber bundles, comprising the steps of feeding a fiber bundle formed of a plurality of fibers in a fiber length direction and moving the fibers in a width direction while bending the fibers by letting a fluid pass through the fiber bundle in a movable region set so that the fibers can move in the width direction, thereby spreading the fiber bundle,
wherein in the movable region, a set of regions S i (i=1, . . . , n) each including a pair of a fiber-spreading region A i (i=1, . . . , n) and an expansion region B i (i=1, . . . , n) are arranged in a feeding direction of the fiber bundle in a number of n (n≧2), the fiber-spreading region A i moving the fibers in the width direction while bending the fibers by letting a fluid pass through the fiber bundle, thereby spreading the fiber bundle to a spread width W i ,
wherein the expansion region B i , which is set on the upstream side in the feeding direction corresponding to the fiber-spreading region A i and in which the width of the fiber bundle expands toward the end with movement of the fibers in the width direction in the fiber-spreading region A i , has a length L i in the feeding direction;
wherein in the region sets Sj j=2, . . . , n), a spread width Wj−1 of the fiber-spreading region Aj−1, a spread width Wj of the fiber-spreading region Aj, and a length Lj of the fiber bundle in the feeding direction in the expansion region Bj are set to satisfy:
0<( Wj−Wj− 1)/2 Lj ≦tan 30°, and
wherein the fiber bundle is spread by being fed so as to sequentially pass through the region set S i .
2. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
in the first region set S i , the spread width W i of the fiber bundle in the fiber-spreading region A 1 is set to satisfy with respect to an original width W 0 of the fiber bundle:
1<( W 1 /W 0 )≦5.
3. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 2 , wherein
the spread width W 1 of the fiber bundle in the fiber-spreading region A 1 is set to satisfy:
2≦( W 1 /W 0 )≦4.
4. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
at least in a part of the fiber-spreading regions, a fluid is passed through the fiber bundles in a plurality of sections so that the fibers are moved in the width direction while being bent.
5. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
at least in a part of the expansion regions, at least one or more contact rolls arranged in the width direction and in contact with the fiber bundle is disposed; and
the fiber bundle is fed in contact with the contact roll.
6. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 5 , wherein
the contact roll reciprocates in the width direction of the fiber bundle.
7. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
at least in a part of the expansion regions and/or the fiber-spreading regions, the fiber bundle is heated.
8. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
at least in a part of the fiber-spreading regions, a degree by which the fiber bundle is bent is temporally changed.
9. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 8 , wherein
at least in a part of the fiber-spreading regions, spreading is performed while a predetermined degree by which the fiber bundle is bent is ensured by a bend ensuring roll for the fiber bundle.
10. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 9 , wherein
by means of at least one roll in the bend ensuring rolls, the fiber bundle is vibrated in a direction orthogonal to the feeding direction.
11. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
on the upstream side of the movable region, the fiber bundle is fed while pullback of the fiber bundle is prevented.
12. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
vibration is given in the width direction to a spread fiber sheet obtained by spreading the fiber bundle.
13. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 1 , wherein
a plurality of the fiber bundles is spread at the same time while being fed.
14. The method for spreading fiber bundles according to claim 13 , wherein
vibration in the width direction is given to the plurality of spread fiber sheets obtained by spreading a plurality of the fiber bundles arranged in parallel so as to form an entirely uniform sheet state.
15. A method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced sheet, wherein
a resin layer is formed on one side or both sides of a spread fiber sheet obtained by a method for spreading fiber bundles in claim 1 so as to form the fiber-reinforced sheet.
16. The method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced sheet according to claim 15 , wherein
the resin layer is formed by using a resin sheet.
17. A method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced sheet, wherein
a fiber-reinforced sheet is manufactured by causing a spread fiber sheet obtained by a method for spreading fiber bundles in claim 1 to adhere to both faces of a resin sheet.
18. A method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced sheet, wherein
the fiber-reinforced sheet is manufactured by impregnating a spread fiber sheet obtained by a method for spreading fiber bundles in claim 1 with a resin material.