Crosslinking compounds for high glass transition temperature polymers
A composition having a crosslinking compound that has the following structure (I) wherein R is OH, NH 2 , halide, ester, amine, ether, or amide, and x is 2-6 and A is an arene moiety having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000. A mixture including the composition and a polymer, a method for forming the mixture and a crosslinked polymer are also disclosed.
1. A composition comprising a crosslinking compound having the following structure:
2. A mixture comprising:
a composition including a crosslinking compound having the following structure:
wherein R is OH, NH 2 , halide, ester, amine, ether, or amide, and x is 2-6 and A is an arene moiety having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000; and
a polymer containing at least one aromatic group;
wherein the mixture is a substantially homogenous blend of the composition and the polymer.
3. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of a poly(arylene ether) polymer including polymer repeat units of the following structure:
(—O—Ar 1 —O—Ar 2 —) m (—O—Ar 3 —O—Ar 4 —) n
where Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , and Ar 4 are identical or different aryl radicals, m is 0 to 1, n is 1-m; a polysulfone; a polyimide; a polyamide; a poly(etherketone); a polyurea; a polyurethane; a polyphthalamide; a polyamide-imide; an aramid; a poly(benzimidazole); and combinations thereof.
4. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the mixture is a co-precipitated blend of the composition and the polymer.
5. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the mixture is a co-evaporated blend of the composition and the polymer.
6. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the mixture is a mechanically mixed blend of the composition and the polymer.
7. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the crosslinking compound has a structure selected from a group consisting of:
8. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
9. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
10. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
11. The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
12. A method for making a polymer blend comprising:
providing a composition including a crosslinking compound having the following structure:
wherein R is OH, NH 2 , halide, ester, amine, ether, or amide, and x is 2-6 and A is an arene moiety having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000; and
providing a polymer containing at least one aromatic group;
combining the composition and the polymer to form a substantially homogeneous mixture.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of a poly(arylene ether) polymer including polymer repeat units of the following structure:
(—O—Ar 1 —O—Ar 2 —) m (—O—Ar 3 —O—Ar 4 —) n
where Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , and Ar 4 are identical or different aryl radicals, m is 0 to 1, n is 1-m; a polysulfone; a polyimide; a polyamide; a poly(etherketone); a polyurea; a polyurethane; a polyphthalamide; a polyamide-imide; an aramid; a poly(benzimidazole); and combinations thereof.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the combining includes dissolving the composition and the polymer in a solvent to form a solution, adding the solution to a non-solvent, and co-precipitating the composition and the polymer to form the substantially homogenous mixture.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the combining includes dissolving the composition and the polymer in a solvent to form a solution, evaporating the solvent from the solution to form the substantially homogenous mixture.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the combining includes dissolving the composition and the polymer in a solvent to form a solution, evaporating the solvent from the solution to form the substantially homogenous mixture.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the combining includes mechanically blending the composition and the polymer to form the substantially homogenous mixture.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the mechanical blending is in an extruder, ball mill, or cyrogrinder.
19. The method of claim 12 , wherein the crosslinking compound has a structure selected from a group consisting of:
20. The method of claim 12 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
21. The method of claim 12 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
22. The method of claim 12 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
23. The method of claim 12 , wherein the crosslinking compound has the following structure:
24. A crosslinked polymer comprising:
a reaction product of a composition including a crosslinking compound having the following structure:
wherein R is OH, NH 2 , halide, ester, amine, ether, or amide, and x is 2-6 and A is an arene moiety having a molecular weight of less than about 10,000; and
a polymer containing at least one aromatic group.
25. The crosslinked polymer of claim 24 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of a poly(arylene ether) polymer including polymer repeat units of the following structure:
(—O—Ar 1 —O—Ar 2 —) m (—O—Ar 3 —O—Ar 4 —) n
where Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , and Ar 4 are identical or different aryl radicals, m is 0 to 1, n is 1-m; a polysulfone; a polyimide; a polyamide; a poly(etherketone); a polyurea; a polyurethane; a polyphthalamide; a polyamide-imide; an aramid; a poly(benzimidazole); and combinations thereof.
26. The crosslinked polymer of claim 24 , wherein the reaction product is thermally cured.
27. The crosslinked polymer of claim 26 , wherein the reaction product is thermally cured by heating to temperatures greater than about 250° C.
28. The crosslinked polymer of claim 24 , wherein the reaction product is radiation cured.
29. The crosslinked polymer of claim 28 , wherein the reaction product is radiation cured by exposure to radiation selected from the group consisting of microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, and electron beam.
30. The crosslinked polymer of claim 24 , wherein the reaction product is thermally stable at temperature greater than 260° C.
31. The crosslinked polymer of claim 24 , wherein the reaction product is thermally stable at temperature greater than 400° C.