Manufacturing three-dimensional scaffolds using electrospinning at low temperatures
The present invention refers to an apparatus and a method for the manufacture of a three-dimensional scaffold at low temperatures and the respective use of this method and apparatus.
1. A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional scaffold using an apparatus for electrospinning comprising a high-voltage power supply; at least one spinneret connected to at least one container comprising a solution with at least one polymer dissolved therein; and a collector, wherein said method comprises:
forming crystals from a molecule or group of molecules in vapor phase comprised in the surrounding atmosphere at the surface of said collector, wherein said collector has a temperature which allows formation of crystals at said surface of said collector;
electrospinning said solution comprising at least one polymer dissolved therein around said crystals;
continuing said formation of crystals and said electrospinning simultaneously; and
removing said crystals by sublimation, wherein said crystals are formed from CO 2 comprised in said surrounding atmosphere which are removed by sublimation.
2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising increasing or decreasing the temperature of said collector as long as said temperature allows freezing of said molecules or group of molecules from said surrounding atmosphere at said surface of said collector.
3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising increasing or decreasing the temperature around said collector of said electrospinning apparatus.
4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising varying the time interval between said electrospinning and said formation of crystals.
5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising varying at least one of the parameters selected from the group consisting of needle size, voltage, concentration of said at least one polymer in said solution and flow rate of said solution comprising said at least one polymer dissolved therein.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one polymer is a biocompatible polymer.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said collector is rotatable around at least one axis.