Ammunition cartridge case bodies made with polymeric nanocomposite material
The present invention is directed to a three-part ammunition cartridge casing body comprising a head or base portion, a case portion and a cap portion. The cartridge casing body further comprises: the base portion, made of metal or polymeric resin, having a closed end and an open end; a substantially cylindrical case portion, open on both ends, joined to the open end of the base portion and comprising a nanocomposite material of a nanoclay dispersed in a polyamide resin matrix; and a cap portion, made of a nanocomposite material of a nanoclay dispersed in a polyamide resin matrix and further comprising glass fibers, joined to the other end of the case portion, wherein the case portion is more ductile than the cap portion.
1. A three-part ammunition cartridge casing body comprising:
a base portion, made of metal or polymeric resin, having a closed end and an open end;
a substantially cylindrical case portion, open on both ends, joined to the open end of the base portion and comprising a nanocomposite material of a nanoclay dispersed in a polyamide resin matrix; and
a cap portion, made of a nanocomposite material of a nanoclay dispersed in a polyamide resin matrix and glass fibers, joined to the other end of the case portion, wherein the case portion is materially different from and more ductile than the cap portion.
2. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 1 , wherein the polyamide matrix includes nylon 6, nylon 6/nylon 6,36 copolymer and mixtures thereof.
3. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 1 , wherein the case portion of the ammunition cartridge casing body comprises a nanocomposite material comprising (1) from about 0.1 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of a nanoclay component dispersed in a polyamide resin matrix; (2) from about 1 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of an impact modifier component; and (3) from about 50 wt. % to about 97 wt. % of a nylon copolymer or multipolymer component.
4. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 3 wherein the impact modifier component may be selected from chemically modified polyolefins, maleic anhydride modified ethylene propylene elastomers, maleic anhydride functionalized elastomers, ethylene propylene rubbers, ethylene octane copolymers, ethylene acrylate homopolymers, ethylene acrylate copolymers, ethylene acrylate terpolymers, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene vinyl acetates, ionically crosslinked ethylene methacrylic acid copolymers, and mixtures thereof;
wherein the maleic anhydride functionalized elastomer is an ethylene homopolymer, ethylene copolymer, ethylene terpolymer, propylene homopolymer, propylene copolymer, propylene terpolymer, and mixtures thereof;
wherein the ethylene acrylate homopolymers, ethylene acrylate copolymers, and ethylene acrylate terpolymers include functionality selected from maleic anhydride, epoxy, and CO groups.
5. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 3 , wherein the nanoclay component is montmorillonite clay.
6. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 1 wherein the nanocomposite material is an in-situ polymerized nanocomposite base resin.
7. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 1 wherein the nanocomposite material is a compounded nanocomposite base resin.
8. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 1 wherein the polyamide matrix is polyamide 6.
9. The three-part ammunition cartridge casing body of claim 1 wherein the cap portion, made of a nanocomposite material of a nanoclay dispersed in a polyamide resin matrix and glass fibers, includes 10% glass fibers by weight.