Hybrid polymer/metal plug for treating chondral defects
Osteochondral implants for repair of chondral defects and providing bone fixation through bone ongrowth and/or ingrowth. The implant is provided with a base allowing for bone ongrowth and/or ingrowth and a top attached to the base, the top being formed of a material having a compressive resistance similar to that of the cartilage. The material of the top is polycarbonate urethane, for example. The base may comprise a porous substrate for bony ingrowth formed of metal or PEEK and having a pattern porosity about similar to the porosity of cancellous bone. One side of the top attaches to the base for stability, and the other side of the top forms a surface for articulating with the opposing cartilage surface of the joint.
1. A method of treating a chondral defect in a joint having articular cartilage and subchondral bone, comprising the steps of:
preparing an implant recipient site within the articular cartilage of the joint;
providing a hybrid osteochondral plug comprising a base having a porous region with pores for bone ingrowth formed of titanium and with a pattern porosity similar to the pattern porosity of cancellous bone at the chondral defect, a bather layer over and in contact with the base, and a top over and in contact with the barrier layer, the top being formed of polymer comprising polycarbonate urethane having similar compressive resistance as that of cartilage from opposing natural cartilage surface, the top formed of the polymer having a thickness which is about one third a total thickness of the hybrid osteochondral plug and matches a depth of surrounding articular cartilage of the chondral defect, wherein the hybrid osteochondral plug is formed by providing an opening in the base and in the barrier layer, the barrier layer extending onto sides of the base facing the opening, and then injecting molding a polymer through the opening in the base to permanently attach the polymer to the base including the sides of the base facing the opening, so that both the polymer and the barrier layer are disposed in the opening in the base, the barrier layer preventing the polymer from penetrating into the pores of the porous region of the base during the injection molding;
inserting the plug into the implant recipient site so that the porous region of the base and the opening in the base contact the cancellous bone and interface with the cancellous bone, allowing bone to grow into the pores of the porous region; and
anchoring the plug to the cancellous bone through bone ongrowth and/or ingrowth through the porous region of the base to provide bone fixation and create a stable repair to the chondral defect.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ongrowth and/or ingrowth through the porous region of the base results in fixation of the hybrid osteochondral plug to the bone.