Three-dimensional microbattery having a porous silicon anode
An electrical energy storage device ( 20 ) includes a silicon substrate ( 22 ), which is formed so as to define a multiplicity of micro-containers ( 24, 26 ) having porous silicon walls ( 28 ), which are configured to serve as an anode layer. A cathode layer ( 34 ) overlies the micro-containers, with a separator layer ( 32 ) intermediate the anode layer and the cathode layer.
1. An electrical energy storage device, comprising:
a silicon substrate, which has opposing first and second surfaces and is formed so as to define a multiplicity of micro-containers having porous silicon walls, which are configured to serve as an anode layer, the multiplicity of the micro-containers comprising first and second sets of the micro-containers, which are respectively formed in the opposing, first and second surfaces of the substrate in an interlaced pattern, in which the micro-containers in the first set are interdigitated with neighboring micro-containers in the second set;
a cathode layer overlying and extending into only the first set of the micro-containers; and
a separator layer extending into only the first set of the micro-containers, intermediate the anode layer and the cathode layer.
2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous silicon is impregnated with lithium.
3. The device according to claim 1 , and comprising an anode current collector overlying and extending into the second set of the micro-containers and in electrical communication with the anode layer.
4. The device according to claim 1 , and comprising a cathode current collector in electrical communication with the cathode layer.
5. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous silicon extends through an entire thickness of the walls.
6. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous silicon extends partially through the walls.