Vehicle antenna apparatus with a horizontal main beam direction
According to one exemplary embodiment of the invention, a vehicle antenna apparatus is provided on a vehicle in such a way that this results in the antenna having a horizontal main beam direction. A first reflection apparatus above the conductive roof of the vehicle, with an exciter between these two elements, causes the reflections to be doubled, thus causing the main beam direction to be lowered from a vertical to a horizontal direction.
1. A vehicle antenna apparatus for transmission or reception of electromagnetic signals at a first frequency, comprising:
a first reflection apparatus mounted on the vehicle parallel to a roof of the vehicle; and
a radio frequency (RF) exciter for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic signals, the RF exciter being mounted between the first reflector and the roof of the vehicle, exclusive of a reflector in between the RF exciter and the roof of the vehicle;
wherein the first reflector is arranged parallel with respect to the roof of the vehicle such that the electromagnetic signals transmitted by or received by the RF exciter are reflected by both the first reflection apparatus and the roof of the vehicle to guide the electromagnetic signals in a horizontal direction.
2. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the RF exciter is in the form of an omnidirectional antenna element having a 360° beam characteristic about a vehicle vertical axis.
3. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the first reflection apparatus is in the form of a surface, and
wherein the first reflection apparatus is arranged parallel to a roof of the vehicle.
4. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the RF exciter is in the form of a dipole RF exciter, and
wherein the dipole RF exciter is in a toroidal shape about a non-conductive cylinder.
5. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a balun transformer,
wherein the balun transformer is designed for matching an asymmetric signal on a feed line to the RF exciter to a ground-symmetrical dipole, and
wherein the balun transformer is arranged within the RF exciter.
6. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a connection element with a first and a second end,
wherein the connection element runs vertically between the first reflection apparatus and a roof of the vehicle, and
wherein the first end of the connection element is connected to the roof of the vehicle, and the second end is connected to the first reflection apparatus.
7. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a second antenna apparatus for transmission or reception of electromagnetic signals at a second frequency, and
wherein the second antenna apparatus is arranged above the first reflection apparatus.
8. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the first reflection apparatus is arranged at a distance from a roof of the vehicle, which distance corresponds at least to half the wavelength of the electromagnetic signals to be transmitted or to be received.
9. The vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a second reflection apparatus,
wherein the second reflection apparatus is arranged between the roof of the vehicle and the RF exciter.
10. A vehicle antenna module for transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals at a first and a second frequency, further comprising:
a first vehicle antenna apparatus with a first radio frequency (RF) exciter for production and for reception of electromagnetic signals at the first frequency;
a first reflection apparatus mounted on the vehicle parallel to a roof of the vehicle such that the first RF exciter is positioned in between the first reflection apparatus and the roof of the vehicle, the first reflection apparatus and the roof of the vehicle are designed to reflect the electromagnetic signals to be transmitted and to be received at the first frequency to guide the electromagnetic signals transmitted by or received by the first RF exciter in a horizontal direction;
a second vehicle antenna apparatus with a second RF exciter for production and for reception of electromagnetic signals at the second frequency; and
a second reflection apparatus mounted on the vehicle parallel to the roof of the vehicle such that the second RF exciter is positioned in between the second reflection apparatus and the roof of the vehicle,
wherein the second reflection apparatus and the roof of the vehicle are designed to reflect the electromagnetic signals to be transmitted and to be received at the second frequency to guide the electromagnetic signals transmitted or received by the second RF exciter in a horizontal direction.
11. The vehicle antenna module as claimed in claim 10 ,
wherein the two vehicle antenna apparatuses are arranged above a roof of the vehicle and horizontally one above the other.
12. A vehicle having a vehicle antenna module as claimed in claim 10 .
13. A vehicle having a vehicle antenna apparatus as claimed in claim 1 .
14. The use of a vehicle antenna apparatus in a vehicle for C2X communication as claimed in claim 1 .
15. A method for transmission or reception of electromagnetic signals at a first frequency between a vehicle and a further subscriber, the method comprising:
producing, by an RF exciter, an electromagnetic signal;
emitting, by the RF exciter, the electromagnetic signal between a roof of the vehicle and a first reflection apparatus mounted on the vehicle parallel to the roof of the vehicle, exclusive of a reflector in between the RF exciter and the roof of the vehicle; and
reflecting the emitted electromagnetic signal both on the roof of the vehicle and on the first reflection apparatus to guide the emitted electromagnetic signal in a horizontal direction.