Materials for organic electroluminescent devices

1. A compound of formula (1) or formula (1′):

wherein

Y is C if a group X 2 is bonded to the group Y, or is on each occurrence, identically or differently, CR or N if no group X 2 is bonded to the group Y;

E is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a covalent single bond or a divalent bridge selected from N(R 1 ), B(R 1 ), C(R 1 ) 2 , O, Si(R 1 ) 2 , C═NR 1 , C═C(R 1 ) 2 , S, S═O, SO 2 , P(R 1 ) and P(═O)R 1 ;

X 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a divalent bridge selected from N(R 11 ), Si(R 1 ) 2 , P(R 1 ) and P(═O)R;

X 2 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a divalent bridge selected from B(R 1 ), C(R 1 ) 2 , Si(R 1 ) 2 , P(R 1 ) and P(═O)R 1 ;

X 3 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a divalent bridge selected from N, B, C(R 1 ), Si(R 1 ), P and P(═O);

L is a divalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ;

Ar is on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ;

m is 0;

n is 1;

q is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;

R is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, N(Ar) 2 , C(═O)Ar, P(═O)Ar 2 , S(═O)Ar, S(═O) 2 Ar, CR 2 ═CR 2 Ar, CN, NO 2 , Si(R 2 ) 3 , B(OR 2 ) 2 , OSO 2 R 2 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 40 C atoms, each of which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , wherein one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups are optionally replaced by R 2 C═CR 2 , C≡C, Si(R 2 ) 2 , Ge(R 2 ) 2 , Sn(R 2 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR 2 , P(═O)(R 2 ), SO, SO 2 , NR 2 , O, S or CONR 2 and wherein one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which in each case are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which in each case be are optionally substituted by one or ore radicals R 2 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or an aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or a combination of these systems; and wherein two or more substituents R, together with the atoms to which they are bonded, optionally define a mono- or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system with one another or, if they are bonded to Ar, with Ar;

R 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO 2 , CF 3 , B(OR 2 ) 2 , Si(R 2 ) 3 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 40 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 C atoms, each of which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , wherein one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups are optionally replaced by —R 2 C═CR 2 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 2 ) 2 , Ge(R 2 ) 2 , Sn(R 2 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR 2 , —O—, —S—, —COO— or —CONR 2 — and wherein one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or arylamines, or substituted or unsubstituted carbazoles, which in each case are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more aromatic, heteroaromatic or non-aromatic radicals R 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 2 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or an aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or a combination of these systems; and wherein two or more substituents R 1 optionally define a mono- or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system with one another together with the atoms to which they are bonded;

R 11 is a heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more aromatic, heteroaromatic or non-aromatic radicals R 2 , or a heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 2 ;

R 2 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C atoms or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, or a combination of these groups; and

with the proviso that when

when X 1 is N(R 11 ) then X 2 is for C(R 1 ) 2

and

wherein the following compound is excluded:

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X 1 is N(R 11 ) and X 2 is for C(R 1 ) 2 .

3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein E is selected on each occurrence, independently of one another, from a single covalent bond or a divalent bridge selected from N(R 1 ), C(R 1 ) 2 and O.

4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ar is an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms.

5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is of formula (2) or formula (2′):

6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a compound of formula (7) or (8):

wherein o and p are each, independently of one another, 0 or 1, and o+p=1 or 2.

7. A process for preparing the compound of formula (1) of claim 1 ,

comprising the steps of

a) reacting a compound of formula (I)

wherein R 3 is a reactive leaving group,

with a compound of formula (II)

wherein R 4 is a reactive leaving group or a functional reactive group, and R 5 and R 6 are each, independently of one another, capable of forming a bridge X 2 ,

m is 0;

n is 1;

to form a compound of formula (III)

and

b) forming a bridge X 2 via a ring-closure reaction between Y a and/or Y b and R 5 and/or R 6 and, optionally, subsequently substituting X i and/or X 2 ,

to form the compound of formula (1).

8. An electronic device comprising at least one compound of claim 1 .

9. An organic electroluminescent device comprising at least one compound of claim 1 , wherein said at least one compound is employed in an emitting layer and/or as electron-transport material and/or as hole-transport material and/or as hole-injection material and/or as hole-blocking material.

10. A mixture comprising at least one compound of claim 1 and at least one phosphorescent emitter.

11. A formulation comprising at least one compound of claim 1 and at least one solvent or a mixture comprising said at least one compound and at least one phosphorescent emitter and at least one solvent.

12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of formulae (3) and (3′):

13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula (3e)

14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of formulae (5) and (5′):

wherein at least one group Y is N and the remaining groups Y are CR.

15. A compound selected from the group consisting of compounds of formulae (3g) to (3n):

wherein

X 2 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a divalent bridge selected from N(R 1 ), B(R 1 ), Si(R 1 ) 2 , C═O, C═NR 1 , C═C(R 1 ) 2 , S, S═O, SO 2 , CR 1 —CR 1 , P(R 1 ) and P(═O)R 1 ;

Ar is on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ;

R is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, N(Ar) 2 , C(═O)Ar, P(═O)Ar 2 , S(═O)Ar, S(═O) 2 Ar, CR 2 ═CR 2 Ar, CN, NO 2 , Si(R 2 ) 3 , B(OR 2 ) 2 , OSO 2 R 2 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 40 C atoms, each of which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , wherein one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups are optionally replaced by R 2 C═CR 2 , C≡C, Si(R 2 ) 2 , Ge(R 2 ) 2 , Sn(R 2 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR 2 , P(═O)(R 2 ), SO, SO 2 , NR 2 , O, S or CONR 2 and wherein one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which in each case are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which in each case be are optionally substituted by one or ore radicals R 2 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or an aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or a combination of these systems; and wherein two or more substituents R, together with the atoms to which they are bonded, optionally define a mono- or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system with one another or, if they are bonded to Ar, with Ar;

R 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently is a heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more aromatic, heteroaromatic or non-aromatic radicals R 2 , or a heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 2 ; and

R 2 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C atoms or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 40 ring atoms, or a combination of these groups.