Friction stir welding apparatus and method for joining workpieces by means of a sliding element
The invention relates to a friction stir welding apparatus for joining workpieces 1, 2 , having a welding pin 3 , which is rotatable about its center axis 9 by means of a drive, and having at least one clamping apparatus for clamping the workpieces 1, 2 to be joined, characterized in that the clamping apparatus comprises at least two clamping elements 10, 11 , which respectively have an undercut guideway 12 , the guideways 12 being arranged parallel to one another and parallel to a joining region 8 , in that between the clamping elements 10, 11 is arranged a sliding element 13 , which is secured by the guideways 12 against the workpieces 1, 2 and is translatorily displaceable along the guideways 12 , and in that the sliding element 12 is provided with an opening 14 for the lead-through of the welding pin 3 , and further relates to a method for friction stir welding, using the above-stated apparatus.
1. A friction stir welding apparatus for joining workpieces comprising:
a welding pin, which is rotatable about a center axis by a drive, and
at least one clamping apparatus for clamping the workpieces to be joined,
wherein the clamping apparatus comprises at least two clamping elements, each element having an undercut guideway, the guideways being arranged parallel to one another and parallel to a joining region of the workpieces,
wherein a sliding element is arranged between the clamping elements, the sliding element being secured by the guideways against the workpieces and is translatable along the guideways,
wherein the sliding element is provided with an opening for the welding pin, and
wherein the sliding element is positioned between the workpieces and the welding pin prior to the welding pin entering the opening.
2. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the clamping elements are configured to apply a pretensioning force to the sliding element in the direction the welding pin enters the opening.
3. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sliding element is configured as one of a plate and a formed part.
4. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the opening of the sliding element is arranged substantially centrically to the sliding element.
5. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sliding element is configured as a circular disk.
6. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sliding element is provided with at least one anti-twist protection.
7. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a side of the sliding element facing the workpieces is of at least partially concave configuration.
8. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a side of the sliding element facing the workpieces has at least one protruding region.
9. The friction stir welding apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the sliding element is configured as one of a plate and a formed part.
10. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the opening of the sliding element is arranged substantially centrically to the sliding element.
11. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the sliding element is configured as a circular disk.
12. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the sliding element is provided with at least one anti-twist protection.
13. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein a side of the sliding element facing the workpieces is of at least partially concave configuration.
14. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein a side of the sliding element facing the workpieces has at least one protruding region.
15. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the sliding element is configured as a circular disk.
16. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the sliding element is provided with at least one anti-twist protection.
17. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein a side of the sliding element facing the workpieces is of at least partially concave configuration.
18. The friction stir welding apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein a side of the sliding element facing the workpieces has at least one protruding region.
19. A method for joining two workpieces using a friction stir welding process, the method comprising:
providing a friction stir welding apparatus including
a welding pin, which is rotatable about a center axis by a drive, and
at least one clamping apparatus for clamping the workpieces to be joined,
wherein the clamping apparatus comprises at least two clamping elements, each element having an undercut guideway, the guideways being arranged parallel to one another and parallel to a joining region of the workpieces,
wherein a sliding element is arranged between the clamping elements, the sliding element being secured by the guideways against the workpieces and is translatable along the guideways,
wherein the sliding element is provided with an opening for the welding pin, and
wherein the sliding element is positioned between the workpieces and the welding pin prior to the welding pin entering the opening;
securing the workpieces with the clamping apparatus;
rotating the welding pin by the drive;
introducing the welding pin into the joining region between the workpieces;
pretensioning the sliding element in the joining region against the workpieces by the clamping apparatus;
translating the sliding element along the joining region together with the welding pin; and
joining the workpieces along the joining region with the welding pin.
20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein the translating the sliding element is applied by one of the welding pin and a separate drive.