Liquid crystal display and method of manufacturing liquid crystal display

1. A liquid crystal display comprising:

a liquid crystal layer comprising liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy;

a first substrate and a second substrate arranged to face each other with the liquid crystal layer in between them;

a plurality of transparent first electrodes on a liquid crystal layer-facing side of the first substrate;

a first alignment film covering a surface of the transparent first electrodes on the first substrate;

a transparent second electrode on the second substrate and facing the plurality of transparent first electrodes; and

a second alignment film covering a surface of the transparent second electrode on the second substrate,

wherein,

one or both of a face on the liquid crystal layer side of the transparent first electrodes and a face on the liquid crystal layer side of the transparent second electrode includes a concavo-convex structure,

the concavo-convex structure includes (a) a plurality of alternating parallel-aligned concave faces and convex faces along a surface of an electrode plane, and (b) a step portion between each adjacent concave face and convex face, the step having a reverse taper face, and

each convex face between two reverse taper faces has a reverse trapezoid cross-section.

2. The liquid crystal display according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent first electrodes or the transparent second electrode extend along a plurality of directions within the surface of the first substrate or the second substrate, respectively.

3. The liquid crystal display according to claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first alignment film and the second alignment film has a photosensitive group reacted.

4. The liquid crystal display according to claim 2 , wherein a polymer layer is provided on an opposite surface side of the first alignment film and the second alignment film.

5. The liquid crystal display according to claim 3 , further comprising a foundation layer including the concavo-convex structure between the plurality of transparent first electrodes and the first substrate, wherein the face on the liquid crystal layer side of each transparent first electrode includes the concavo-convex structure following a surface shape of the concavo-convex structure of the foundation layer.

6. The liquid crystal display according to claim 5 , wherein the foundation layer is a planarizing layer covering a surface of the first substrate.

7. The liquid crystal display according to claim 5 , further comprising a planarizing film covering the surface of the first substrate, wherein an insulating film as the foundation layer is provided on the planarizing film.

8. The liquid crystal display according to claim 5 , further comprising a planarizing film covering the surface of the first substrate, wherein a photoresist film as the foundation layer is provided on the planarizing film.

9. The liquid crystal display according to claim 5 , wherein the foundation layer is a color filter layer provided on the first substrate.

10. The liquid crystal display according to claim 5 , further comprising a color filter layer on the first substrate, wherein an insulating film as the foundation layer is provided on the color filter layer.

11. The liquid crystal display according to claim 3 , wherein the concavo-convex structure includes a step height in a range of 50 nm to 800 nm.

12. The liquid crystal display according to claim 4 , wherein the concavo-convex structure includes a step height in a range of 50 nm to 800 nm.

13. The liquid crystal display according to claim 3 , wherein the concavo-convex structure includes a space of 1 μm to 20 μm between adjacent concave faces.

14. The liquid crystal display according to claim 4 , wherein the concavo-convex structure includes a space of 1 μm to 20 μm between adjacent concave faces.

15. The liquid crystal display according to claim 1 , wherein a set pre-tilt of the liquid crystal molecules tilts in a cross-section orthogonal to an extending direction of the at least one of the transparent first electrodes and transparent second electrode toward an edge of a convex electrode.

16. The liquid crystal display according to claim 4 , further comprising a foundation layer including the concavo-convex structure between the plurality of transparent first electrodes and the first substrate, wherein the face on the liquid crystal layer side of each transparent first electrode includes the concavo-convex structure following a surface shape of the concavo-convex structure of the foundation layer.

17. The liquid crystal display according to claim 16 , wherein the foundation layer is a planarizing layer covering a surface of the first substrate.

18. The liquid crystal display according to claim 16 , further comprising a planarizing film covering the surface of the first substrate, wherein an insulating film as the foundation layer is provided on the planarizing film.

19. The liquid crystal display according to claim 16 , further comprising a planarizing film covering the surface of the first substrate, wherein a photoresist film as the foundation layer is provided on the planarizing film.

20. The liquid crystal display according to claim 16 , wherein the foundation layer is a color filter layer provided on the first substrate.

21. The liquid crystal display according to claim 16 , further comprising a color filter layer on the first substrate, wherein an insulating film as the foundation layer is provided on the color filter layer.