Derivatives of native lignin from softwood feedstocks
The present invention relates to softwood lignin derivatives having an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 2.5 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g lignin, and the preparation method thereof. The lignin derivatives have a desired antioxidant activity characterized by radical scavenging index (RSI). Another aspect of the invention relates to compositions comprising the softwood lignin derivative. Another aspect of the invention relates to a use of the softwood lignin derivatives comprising incorporating the softwood lignin derivatives into polymer compositions.
1. A softwood lignin derivative recovered from a pulping process of a lignocellulosic biomass, said softwood lignin derivative having an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 2.5 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g, a weight average molecular weight of from about 500 g/mol to about 5000 g/mol, a phenolic hydroxyl content of from about 2 mmol/g to about 8 mmol/g, and a normalized RSI of 10 or greater.
2. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the pulping process is selected from the group consisting of: steam explosion, dilute acid hydrolysis, ammonia fiber expansion, autohydrolysis, kraft and modifications thereof, soda pulping and modifications thereof, sulphite pulping, and organosolv processes.
3. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the pulping process is a sulphite process, a kraft process or modifications thereof.
4. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the wherein the lignin derivative has a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 5.
5. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 2.75 mmol/g to about 5 mmol/g.
6. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is derived from biomass comprising pine, spruce, or combinations/hybrids thereof.
7. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is derived from biomass comprising Pinus radiata, Pinus taeda , spruce, or combinations/hybrids thereof.
8. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , having a normalized RSI of about 15 or greater.
9. A composition comprising the lignin derivative of claim 1 and a polymer-forming component.
10. A thermoplastic composition comprising the lignin derivative according to claim 1 .
11. A polyolefin composition comprising the lignin derivative according to claim 1 .
12. A method of producing a softwood lignin derivative, said method comprising:
pulping a fibrous biomass;
heating the biomass;
maintaining the elevated temperature for 1 minute or longer;
separating the cellulosic pulp to form a lignin rich material; and
recovering derivatives of native lignin wherein the derivatives have an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from 2.5 mmol/g to about 7 mmol/g, phenolic hydroxyl content of from about 2 mmol/g to about 8 mmol/g, and a normalized RSI of 10 or greater;
wherein the pulping is a sulphite process.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 2.75 mmol/g to about 5 mmol/g.
14. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the fibrous biomass comprises pine, spruce, or combinations/hybrids thereof.
15. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the fibrous biomass comprises Pinus radiata, Pinus taeda , spruce, or combinations/hybrids thereof.
16. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the lignin derivative has a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 5.
17. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the derivative has an alkoxy content of 0.1 mmol/g or greater.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has a normalized RSI of 15 or greater.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has a normalized RSI of 40 or less.