Installation and industrial operation of an air supply system to dose given air flows to each individual cell of a set of electrolytic cells

1. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) arranged for dosing the individual air demand of each electrolytic cell ( 2 ) that must be fed to its electrolyte through a system of controlled air diffusion, characterized in that it comprises:

at least one low pressure blower ( 5 );

at least one central feed pipe ( 6 ) connected to said at least one blower ( 5 ), wherein from said at least one central air feed pipe ( 6 ) emerge a plurality of feed hose branches ( 7 ), wherein each of said electrolytic cells having walls and each branch of said feed hose branches reaches up to a front wall of said walls;

selectively perforated hoses ( 16 ) formed by flexible anticorrosive material hoses ( 17 ) which have a selective distribution of perforations ( 18 ) parallel to the longitudinal axis of each of said selectively perforated hoses ( 16 );

a flow meter ( 8 ) arranged in each of said feed hose branches, the volume of air measured by said flow meter ( 8 ) being regulated by a flow regulator ( 9 ), and wherein said flow meter ( 8 ) is connected between a first feed hose ( 10 ) of said branch ( 7 ) and a second feed hose ( 11 ) of said branch ( 7 ), said first hose ( 10 ) being connected with flow regulator ( 9 ) and said second hose ( 11 ) being connected to a portion of bent hose ( 12 ) suitable to be affixed on the walls of said electrolytic cell ( 2 ) to allow a hose end ( 13 ) to be connected with an isobaric ring ( 3 ), so that the fed air can be diffused homogeneously and sustainedly in time to the electrolyte through said selectively perforated hoses ( 16 ), wherein besides flow regulator ( 9 ) a second flow regulator ( 21 ) is provided to enable deactivation of flow meter ( 8 ); and

a bypass ( 20 ) provided between each electrolytic cell ( 2 ) and the central feed pipe ( 6 ), wherein a first end of said bypass ( 20 ) is connected to the branch hose ( 7 ) and the second end of said bypass is connected to the second feed hose ( 11 ), and wherein said bypass ( 20 ) is provided with a cut off valve ( 22 ).

2. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that flow regulator ( 9 ) is an adjustable squeeze clamp for the feed hose ( 7 ).

3. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the flow regulator ( 9 ) is a valve.

4. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that said flow meter ( 8 ) comprises a translucent tube ( 14 ) in whose interior a sphere ( 15 ) is lodged, said translucent tube having a maximum limit ( 24 ) and a minimum limit ( 25 ) wherein sphere ( 15 ) statically floats in between according to the given flow of air of air required.

5. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 4 , characterized in that said translucent tube has an inverted conical shape, wherein the lower portion of said tube is supplied with a seat ( 23 ) to lodge sphere ( 15 ) obstructing the passage of fluids and acting as an emergency retention valve, in the event that the hydraulic column pressure of the electrolyte inside the electrolytic cell ( 2 ) is greater than the pressure of the fed air flow, into electrolytic cell ( 2 ).

6. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 5 , characterized in that in the lower portion of flow meter ( 8 ) a second sphere ( 30 ) is lodged and a corresponding occluding seat ( 29 ) is provided to allow to block passage to the electrolyte if its backpressure is greater than the pressure of the fed air flow into electrolytic cell ( 2 ).

7. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of cells ( 4 ) according to claim 5 , characterized in that in the lower portion of flow meter ( 8 ) a unidirectional valve is lodged that allows to shut off the passage of electrolyte if its backpressure is greater than the pressure of the fed air flow into electrolytic cell ( 2 ).

8. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 5 , characterized in that said flow meter ( 8 ) has sensors ( 26 ) suitable for emitting alert signals to a monitoring means ( 28 ) enabling timely actions to be taken in the event of detection of anomalies or faults of air supply system ( 1 ) in any electrolytic cell ( 2 ).

9. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the perforations are equidistantly separated along the length of the hose.

10. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 9 , characterized in that the angles of the perforations, seen in transversal cut, are within a range of −90° to +90°.

11. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 10 , characterized in that said range is preferably of −30° to +30°.

12. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of electrolytic cells ( 4 ) according to claim 9 , characterized in that said perforations have a diameter ranging between 0.2 to 0.6 mm.

13. An air supply system ( 1 ) for a group of cells ( 4 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the perforations are arranged in groups, the groups of perforations being separated equidistantly.